364 BUCEROTIDiE. 



2. Anthracoceros convexus. 



Buceros albirostris, Horsf. (nee S/iaw) Tr. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 175 



(1822). 

 Hydrocissa albirostris, Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 56 ; Guillem. P. Z. S. 



1885, p. 406. 

 Buceros convexus, Te7nm. PL Col. ii. p. 82, pi. 530 [ ? 1 (1832) ; 



Grat/, Gen. B. ii. p. 399 (1847) ; Motley S^ Dillw. Nat. Hist. 



Labium, p. 53 (1855) ; Schl. Mus. Pai/s-Bns, i. Buceros, p. 7 



(1862) ; Grai/, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 127, sp. 7873 (1870) ; Sclatei; Bev. 



List Vert. Anini. p. 172 (1872) ; Snelleman in Vetlis Midden- 



Smnatra, iv. p. 33 (1887). 

 Hydrocissa couvexa, Horsf. 8f Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. hid. Co. ii. 



p. 591 (1856-8) ; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 418 ; Cab. ^ Heine, 



Mus. Hein. ii. p. 170 (1860) ; Salmd. Ucc. Borneo, p. 80 (1874) ; 



Sharpe, Ibis, 1877, p. 7, 1879, p. 240 ; Hwne, Str. F. vii. p. 366 



(1878). 

 Anthracoceros convexus, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 329 ; Elliot, Man. 



Bucerot. pi. 12 [text] (1880); Nicholson, Ibis, 1883, p. 240; Har- 



tert, J. f. O. 1889, p. 368 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 15 ; Elliot, Auk, 



1891, p. 9. 

 Buceros (Antbracoceros) convexus, Dubois, Bull. Mus. Bek/. iii. 



p. 197 (1884). 

 Buceros intermedins, Blyth, J. As. Soc. Beng. xvi. p. 995 (1847), 



xviii. p. 803 (1849) ; id. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 43 (1849) ; 



Wall. A?in. Mag. N. H. (2) xv. p. 98 (1855). 

 Buceros violaceus, Hay (7iec Shaw), Madr. Journ. xiii. p. 148 (1844). 



Adult male. Head, middle of chin and throat, neck, back, rump, 

 wing-coverts, upper tail-coverts, and upper breast deep black, uioro 

 or less glossed with dark bluish green ; primary and secondary quills 

 black, with narrow white bases and wide white ends, except the 

 first two primaries and the last three or four secondaries ; front of 

 shoulders, lower breast, belly, thighs, and under tail-coverts white ; 

 tail with two centre rectrices black, sometimes tipped with white, 

 and the rest pure white : skin round the eye pale cobalt, behind 

 rich white ; legs and feet black ; eyes rich straw-colour ; bill aud 

 casque white, a patch on the anterior part of the casque and the 

 base of the mandibles black. Total length 31 inches, wing 12*3, 

 tail 12, tarsus 2"1. 



Adult female. Plumage as in adult male. The casque is much 

 smaller, and the black at the anterior extremity extends over the 

 end of the bill and along the cutting-edges : there is a dull red patch 

 in front of the black at the base of the lower mandible. Total 

 length 28 inches, wing 11*4, tail 10*7, tarsus 2. 



Young differ from the adult in having the basal half of the outer 

 rectrices black. As they become adult this black gradually disappears, 

 beginning with the outer pair of feathers. Sometimes one of the 

 outer tail-feathers is pure white, while the corresponding one on the 

 other side is still more or less black towards the base. Quite young 

 birds have the casque represented by a raised ridge, devoid of the 

 black patch which characterizes the adult. Young have the bill 

 dark pea-green, feet dark cobalt, eye not so dark as the old birds. 



IJah. Malacca, Java, Sumatra, Borneo. 



