14. OCTCEEOS. 397 



3. Ocyceros gingalensis. 



Le Calao Gingala, Levaill. Hist, Nat, d'Ois. I'Ainer. i. p. 47, pi. xxiii. 



(1801). 

 Biiceros gingalensis, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 37 (1811) ; Merrem, 



Ersoh u. Gnibet; Enci/d. xiii. p. 285 (IBi'l) ; Temm. PI. Col. ii. 



p. 17 (1824) ; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 400 (1847) ; Bhjth, J. As. Soo. 



Bern/, xvi. p. 996 (1847) ; Lai/ard, Ann. Mac/. N. H, xiii. p. 260 



(1854) ; ScU, Mus. Pays-Bas, i. Buceros, p. 12 (1862). 

 Tockus gingalensis, Bonap. Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 91 (1850) ; Jerdon, 



B. Ind. i. p. 250 [part.] (1862) ; Blytli, Ibis, 1867, p. 296 ; Holdsw. 



P. Z, S. 1872, p. 425 ; Legye, Ibis, 1S74, p. 14 ; Elliot, Mon. Bucerot. 



pi. 55 [text] (1877) ; Hume, Sir. F. vii. p. 366 (1878) ; Leyge, B, 



Ceylon, i. p. 275, pi. 14 (1878); Parker, Tuprobanian, ii. p. 132 (1889). 

 Rhiuoplax gingalensis, Bunaj). Consp. Vol. Ayiisod. p. 3 (1854). 

 Alopliius griseus, var. gingalensis, Dubois, Bull, Mus. Belg. iii. p. 216 



(1884). 

 Buceros gingala, Vieill. N. Diet, d^Hst. Nat. iv. p. 600 (1816) ; 



Dumont, Diet. Sci. Nat. vi. p. 214 (1817). 

 Buceros pyrrhopygus, Wayl. Syst. Av. Buceros, no. 18 (1827). 

 Tockus griseus, Bayard, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 204. 



Adult male. Top of the head and crest brown ; ear-coverts dark 

 brown, each with pale shaft-stripes ; rest of head, feathered parts of 

 throat, inner side of shoulders, base of quills, breast, and belly white ; 

 back, rump, and upper tail-coverts brownish grey ; wing-coverts 

 and scapulars pearl-grey, with dark margins like the back ; thighs 

 pale grey ; vent and under tail-coverts rufous-buff ; primaries black, 

 the third to the seventh tipped with white ; secondaries blackish, 

 lighter towards the edge of the outer web, aud narrowly margined 

 with pale buff; middle pair of tail-feathers blackish brown, slightly 

 glossed with green ; second pair the same, with the last inch and a 

 half white ; remaining feathers white, some black on the basal half 

 of the outside pair : bill yellowish white, with a patch of black at 

 the base of the upper mandible, just in front of the eye, and auother 

 beneath the lower mandible. Total length 23 inches, wing 8"2, 

 tail 8'9, tarsus 1-7. 



Adult female. Differs from the male only iu the coloration of 

 the bill, which is black with a white patch situated on the lower 

 half of the upper mandible. Total length 21 inches, wing 7*7, 

 tail 8-2, tarsus 1-6. 



Immature males and females resemble the adults in plumage, 

 but the three outer pairs of tail-feathers are black, with white ends 

 like the second pair in the adult, the amount of white in the three 

 outer pairs of feathers increasing at each moult till they become white. 



In young the bill is pale greenish, brown at the base : iris leaden 

 grey ; eyelids dirty yellow-brown ; feet pale dull green. {Parker.) 



Hah. Ceylou. 



a, h. S ad. et Ceylon, Sept. W. V. Legge, Esq. 



imm. sk. [P.]. 



c-v. (S $ ad. et Ceylon. Tweeddale & Hume 



imm. sk. Colls. 



w, Sk-uU. 



