12. CHIROXIPHIA. 



307 



thickened to an extraordinary degree, forming a solid horny lump 

 Ihe external and internal barbs are also much modified in shape 

 and generally curtailed in size. Fig. b gives an upper view of the 

 sixtn, and ng. c an under view of the seventh secondary. The 

 corresponding feathers of the female, representing the normal 

 structure, are seen in fig. e and fig. /. I n the eighth and ninth 

 secondaries the rhachis is still rather thickened: but the barbs 

 (pogotua) instead of being reduced in size, are highly developed 

 particularly on the inner side. It was observed by Mr. Eraser that 

 the wing-bones of these birds are also much thickened, no doubt in 

 aid. ot this abnormal structure of the remiges. 



a, b. <J 2 ad. sk. Nanegal, Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll 



C **dL ; , 2 Intac, Ecuador (Backleg). ( g^aS2SS 



f n i US" S' «' Ca1 ' ECU t dM (^"W- Salvin-GodmanColl. 



h 5 S' l' garayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 



•' i a i Ecuador. Gould Coll _ 



. 6 ad. sk. Ecuador. Purchased. 



7- 6 ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



12. CHIROXIPHIA. 



Chiroxiphia, Cab WiegmAreh.xn\. v t. \. p . 235(1847) C. caudata. 

 Chiropnon, i?/;. CW;>. Fb/. Anisod. p. 5 (1854) . . C pareola 



Cercopkama, Bp. Consp. Vol. Anisod. p. 6 (1854) C. linearis! 



Chiroxiphia is another little brighfr-plumaged group of six species, 

 all well distinguished, and ranging from Guatemala to S. Brazil and 

 the borders of La Plata. It is so called from the pointed ends and 

 thickened stems of the primaries in the males. 



Keg to the Species. 

 A. Tail square at end. 



| £ res * Ie i 1. pareola, p. 307. 



15. Middle rectnees lengthened. 

 a. Body below black. 



I Middle rectrices shorter, pointed 3. lanceolata, p. 309 



* t, f* 1 . 1 , le prices long, lineifora 4. linearis, p. 300 



h. Body below blue 5. caudata,\. 310. 



1. Chiroxiphia pareola, 



Pipra pareola, Linn. S. N. i. p. 330 ; Desm. Tarn/, pi 50 • Kittl 

 Xupfert d. Viig p. 14, t. xviii. fig. 1 • Max. Bntr.m. p. 418;' 

 Wagl Isis, 1830, p. 032; Sw. Orn. Dr. pi. 44; Bp. Consp. i. 



Manacus superbus, Pall. Spic. Zool, i. p. 8, pis. 3 4 

 Tipra superba, Gm. S. N. i. p. 000. 



x2 



