20. APLONIS. 125 



i'. d ad. sir. Dar-es-Salaain {E. C. Shelley Coll. 



JJt/.iion). 



k'. $ ad. sk. Usambara Hills (Sir J. Shelley Coll. 



Kirk). 



/'. (5' ad. .sk. Lanio (<S» J. JT/V/f). Shelley Coll. 



m', ?('. c?; o',^V. 2 Melinda (<Sir J". A'iVA-). Shelley Coll, 



ad. sk. 



7', ;•'. cJ ; '^'j t\ 2 Mamboio (.S;V J. Kirh). Shelley Coll. 



ad. sk. 



3. Pholidauges bicolor. 



Speculipastor hicolov, Reicheyi. Orn. Centralbl. 1879, p. 108; Fisch. 



Sj- Reichen. J.f. O. 1879, p. 349, pi. i. figs. 2, 3. 

 Pholidauges bicolor, Shelley, Ibis, 1885, p. 411. 



Adult. General colour above glossy purplish black : wing-covcrts 

 like the back ; quills and tail-feathers black, externally purplish 

 black, ribbed with dusky cross bars under certain lights ; primaries 

 white at the base, forming a large speculum ; head all round, throat 

 and fore neck glossy purplish black ; remainder of under surface of 

 body, including the under wing-coverts and base of quills, creamy 

 white ; edge of wing and bastard-quill black : " bill and feet black ; 

 iris orange " {Dr. Fischer). Total length 8 inches, culmen 0-7, 

 wing 4'55, tail 3, tarsus 1-05. {Mus. E. Lort Phillips.) 



Hah. Eastern Africa. 



20. APLONIS * 



Type. 



Aplonis, Gould, P. Z. S. 183G, p. 73 A. tabuensis. 



'&imno\AQS,Jacq. et Pucher. Voy.Pule Sud,m.^.Q2{\ShS) A. atrifiiscus. 



lltinge. Islands of the Pacific Ocean ; Norfolk and Lord Howe's 

 Islands; New Caledonia; New Hebrides and Loyalty Islands; Pouape. 



* It is cloubtful whether A2')lonis can be considered more than a subgenus of 

 Calornis, and the onlj- character of any -p-orth appears to be the square tail. 

 The majority of the species of Aplonis appear to dilTer in the sliape of the bill, 

 but closer examination shows that, although there may be degrees of stoutness, 

 yet the shape of the bill is much the same in both genera. I liave adopted the 

 shape of the tail as the only character for separating the two genera ; but some 

 of the species of Calornis approach Aplonis in this respect, while it seems 

 hardly natural to divorce Aplonis canforoidcs from the rest of the members of 

 Calornis. Stiirnoidcs appears to me to be a thorough Aplonis, and Lamproeorax 

 is only a subgenus of Calornis, though one miglit keep it distinct for the 

 sake of convenience. 



Aplonis australis. 



Turdus australis, Sparrm. Mus. Carls, ii. pi. GO (1786); Siindcv. Crif. 



Sparrm. p. 11 (1857), 

 Aplonis australis, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 26, no. 7361 (1870). 



This name is now adopted for a New-Zealand Flycatclier, Miro australis, 

 but, as Professor Suudevall pointed out {I. c.), the description does not suit at 

 all well. [See BuUer, B. New Zealand, 2nd ed. i. p. 33.] 



