423 PLOCEIBiR. 



(1881); Sharpe in Oafrs' Mafabe!c-L(ind, App. p. 318 (1881); 



IfaHL Ahliaiull. nut. Ver. Bremen, \\n. p. :l'00 (]88l'); Butler, 



Feilden, ^- liekl, Zool. 1882, p. 297 ; Reichen. J. f. O. 1887, p. 308. 

 Hyphautiirgus ocularius, Cab. Mus. Hem. Th. "i. p. 182 (1850) ; 



Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 435 (1881) ; Fischer, Zeitselir. 



ges. Orn. i. p. 331 (1884) ; id. J. f. O. 1885, p. 133 j W. Ayres, 



Ibis, 1887, p. 58. 

 ? Hj'pliaQtornis olivacea, Heuyl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 565 (1870), iv. 



p. fxxxi (1871). 

 Hypliaiitornis crocata, Hartl. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Broken, vii. p. 100 



(1881) ; Reichen. J.f. 0. 1885, p. 374. 

 llyphantoruis ocularius, var. crocata, Hartl. Zool. Jnhrh. ii. p. 341 



(1887). 



Adult male. General colour above olive-yellow, the scapulars like 

 the back : rump and upper tail-coverfcs rather brighter yellow ; wing- 

 coverts and quills dusky brown, edged with the same olive-yellow 

 as the back; tail-feathers dull olive-yellow, with brighter olive 

 edges ; crown of head bright orange-yellow, inclining to olive-yellow 

 on the nape and hind neck ; lores and a short broad streak through 

 the eye black ; eyelid black ; sides of face, ear-coverts, and cheeks 

 rich orange-yellow, the extreme base of the cheeks black, as well 

 as the throat, the black of the latter surrounded by a deep orange 

 shade ; sides of neck and under surface of the body brilliant yellow, 

 the fore neck inclining to orange ; sides of body and flanks olive- 

 yellow ; under wing-coverts and axillaries yellow with ashy bases ; 

 quills below ashy, whitish along the inner edge : " bill light brown, 

 the base of the lower mandible flesh-coloured ; feet ash-coloured ; 

 iris light brown" (W. Ayres), "pale ashy yellow" (T. Ayres). 

 Total length 6 inches, culmen 0-75, wing 2-9, tail 2-2, tarsus 0-9. 



Adult female. Similar to the male, but Avanting the black on the 

 throat, this being deep orange like the sides of the face. Total 

 length 5-9 inches, culmen 0-75, wing 2-9, tail 2-45, tarsus 0-85. 



Young male. Similar to the adult female but rather greener, with 

 a dusky mark from the lores through the eye ; the forehead rather 

 brighter yellow than the head, and the eyebrow, sides of face, and 

 underparts rather bright yellow. 



S. crocata, Hartl., from Equatorial Africa is a race of S. ocidaria, 

 distinguished by its smaller size, thinner and smaller bill, and yellow 

 face without the orange of the latter bird. As with so many 

 African species, however, the southern birds are the largest, and a 

 gradual diminution in size takes place in the more northern indi- 

 vid'aals, the birds from the Zambesi, ^lozambique, and Xilimanjaro 

 being intermediate between the true S. ocidaria and >S'. crocata. 

 The western S. hrachyptera is a stout-billed form of S. octdaria, 

 with a differently coloured female. 



Bab. South Africa from the Eastern Cape Colony to the Zambesi 

 and through East Africa to the Upper Congo and Equatorial Africa. 



a. c? ad. sk. South Africa. Sir A. Smith [C.]. 



(Type of species.) 



b. cJ ad.sk. Kingwilliamstown. Capt. Tievelyan [P.]. 



