1. CERTHILAUDA. 615 



Adult. Above brown, slightly washed with sandy colour and 

 streaked with dark brown centres to the feathers, many of which 

 are tipped with whitish ; hind neck greyish ; wing-coverts darker 

 brown, washed with sandy colour on the outer web and tipped with 

 whitish, the primary-coverts narrowly tipped with the latter colour 

 also ; quills ashy brown, narrowly margined with sandy buff, the 

 innermost secondaries with a broad whitish margin ; rump and 

 upper tail-coverts sandy rufous, with dark brown central streaks to 

 the feathers ; upper tail-coverts ashy brown, darker brown in the 

 centre of the feathers ; tail-feathers dark brown, narrowly mar- 

 gined with ashy fulvous, the two middle ones washed with greyish, 

 the outermost margined and tipped with pale sandy buff ; a very 

 distinct eyebrow creamj- white ; feathers under the eye dusky 

 white, those in front of the latter blackish ; ear-coverts dull sandy 

 colour ; cheeks whitish, minutely spotted with black; chin white ; 

 rest of under surface buffy white, the breast slightly washed with 

 sandy colour, the lower throat, fore neck, and breast plentifully 

 marked with triangular spots of black, larger and more longitudinal 

 on the lower breast and sides of the body ; sides of the upper breast 

 shaded with ashy ; under wing-coverts sandy buff, the outermost 

 minutely spotted with dark brown, the lower series ashy brown, 

 like the inner lining of the wing, the inner webs being pale rufous 

 near the base ; under tail-coverts white, broadl}' streaked down the 

 centre with black : " bill yellowish brown, shaded with umber- 

 brown ; legs and toes clear buff-orange, tinted with flesh-red; claws 

 yellowish brown, shaded with umber-brown ; iris dark brown " (Sir 

 A. S7nith). Total length 7"4 inches, culmen lO-o, wing 3-9, tail 3, 

 tarsus I'lo. 



Hab. Cape Colony. 



a. Ad. sk. South Africa. Tweeddale Coll. 



b, c. Ad. sk. South Africa [E. L. Layard). 

 d-f. Ad. sk. George, Knysna {H. Atmore), 



2. Certhilauda rufula. 



Anthus rufulus, Vieill. JV. Diet, dllist. Nat. xxvi. p. 494 (1818) ; 



id. Gal. Ois. ii. pi. clxi. (1825) ; £p. C. R. xxxviii. p. 65 (1854). 

 Certhilauda albof asciata , Lafr. Mag. de Zool. 1836, Ois. p. 58 ; Gray, 



Gen. B. ii. p. 383 (1844). 

 Certhilauda garrula, Smith, III. Zool. S. Afr., Aves, pi. 106. fig. 1 ; 



£p. Consp. i. p. 246 (1850) ; Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 216 (1867) ; 



Ayres, Ihis, 18(39, p. 295, 1871, p. 268 ; Gray, Hand-l.B. ii. p. 121, 



no. 7791 (1870) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 618 ; id. ed. Layard » 



B. S. 4/r. p. 498 (1884). 

 Chersomanes garrula, Cab. Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 126 (1850). 

 AJaemon albofasciata, Licht. Nomeiwl. p. 39 (1854). 

 Certhilauda rufula, Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 71 (1871) ; Gurney, in 



Anderss. B. Dam. Ld. p. 201 ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 618 ; 



Ayres, Ibis, 1880, p. 264 : Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 490 



(1884). 

 Alauda garrula, Gieb. Thes. Orn.'i. p. 296 (1872). 



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