530 ALAUDlDJi. 



b\ Black throat-baud distinctly separated 

 fi'din the black ear-coverts by a broad 



■white interspace 



«'. Head and neck more vinous than the 

 back, which is lighter ochraceous or 



ashy ebcesi and allies, 



b'\ Head and neck exactly like the back, [pp. 533-536. 



all the upper surface being tif a 



bright sandy colour hilopha, p. 537. 



6''. Back coiirsely streaked with broad black 

 centres to the feathers. 

 c*. Cheeks white ; throat white with a 

 faint tinge of yellow sometimes, 

 c'. Larger ; wing 4'0-4"65 inches .... leucolcetna, p. 538. 



iV. Smaller ; wing 3'7-4'o inches praticola, p. 5.39. 



h". Cheeks pale primrose-yellow, like the throat arenicola, 'p. 540. 

 b'. Eyebrow yellow ; forehead yellow, like the 

 cheeks and throat. 

 c". Size larger ; wing 4'4 inches : chest slightly 

 mottled with dusky tips to the feathers in 



winter aljfestris, jj. 542. 



d". Size smaller ; wing 3'9 inches : chest with 

 scarcely any sign of dusky tips to the 



feathers in winter chrysokcma, p. 546. 



e". Size smaller ; wing 3-7 inches : chest ob- 

 scured by blackish edges to the feathers, 

 head and back broadly streaked with 



black pereyrina, p. 548. 



b. With yellow on the chest. 



c'. Yellow colour confined to the chest. 

 /". With scarcelj' any dusky edges to the 



feathers of the che.st rubea *, p. 548. 



y". Chest thickly mottled with blackish edges 



to the feathers yiraudi, p. 549. 



d' Yellow colour tinging the breast and abdomen, striyata, p. 549. 



1. Otocorys penicillata. 



Alauda alpestris {nee L.), Menetr. Cat. rais. Catic. p. 38 (1832) ; 

 Boyd. B. Cauc. p. 73 (1879). 



Alauda penicillata, Goidd, P. Z. S. 1837. p. 126 ; SeeboJim, Hist. Br. 

 B. ii. p. 285 (1884). 



Otocorvs penicillata, Bp. Compi. Lid B. Eur. Sf N. Amer. p. 37 

 (18.38) ; Gray S,- Mitch. Gen. B. ii. p. 382, pi. 92 (1844) ; Filippi, 

 Viayy. Pers. p. 349 (1865) ; Hume, Sir. F. 1873, p. 109; Dresser, 

 B. Eur. iv. p. 395, pi. 244 (1874) ; Schaloio, J. f. O. 1876, p. 183 ; 

 Blanf. East. Pers.W. p. 241 (1876) ; Danf. Ibis,'lS77, p. 270, 1878, , 

 T^. 21; Biddidph, Ibis, ISSIf'p. 8{); Sculhj, i.e. p. 581; C. Sicinh. 



* I am not quite certain about the winter plumage of 0. rubea, as the speci- 

 mens in the Heushaw collection are marked as " intermediate between 0. rubea 

 and 0. striyata." I think, however, that 0. rubea is sure to have yellow on the 

 chest in winter. 



