594 ALAPDIDJi. 



Range. Throughout Africa, excepting some portions of the west 

 coast ; Madagascar. The whole of the Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, 

 locallj- in the Burmese countries ; re-occurring in Java, Borneo, 

 Flores, and the Philippines. 



Head oi Mirafrajavanica, to show exposed nostrils. 



Key to the Species. 



a. Light pattern of outer tail-feather tawny rufous. 



a. Light pattern of outer tail-feather confined to 

 the outer web, the inner web sometimes mot- 

 tled with black (in young birds). 

 a" . Quills almost entirely rufous, this colour ex- 

 tending over both webs, leaving the tips 

 dusky blackish ; centre tail-feathers rufous 

 with irregular black cross markings ; head 



rufous with a few black spots or bars rujipika, p. 597. 



h" . Quills dusky brown with rufous or ashy 

 margins only, but with no rufous extending 

 over the base of the primaries ; centre tail- 

 feathers blackish slightly mottled with rufous ; 

 head for the most part ashy grey with very 



little rufous ajnata, p. 598. 



h' , Light pattern of outer feather much extended, 



occupying the whole feather excepting an 



oblique mark of dusky brown or blackish on the 



inner web. 



c". Above brown, streaked with blackish ; the 



hinder crown and mantle vinous streaked 



with blackish brown ; upper surface of body 



not transversely barred with black buckleiji, p. 599. 



d". Above brown with transverse black marks; 

 no marked vinous mantle and hinder crown ; 

 outer aspect of quills more rufous than in the 



preceding species fischeri, p. 000. 



e". Entire colour above vinous red, with longitu- 

 dinal dusky streaks ; no lighter mantle : outer [p. 600 

 aspect of quills chestnut rufocinnamomea, 



b. Light pattern of outer tail-feather sandy buff on the 



inner web, with an oblique dark brown mark to- 

 wards the base ; the outer web white hova, p. 601. 



c. Light pattern of outer tail-feather white or pale 



fulvous. 

 c. Outer tall-feather almost entirely white, with a 

 dusky mark on the inner web only. 



