596 ALAUDID.!!. 



d'. Light pattern of outer tail-feather confined to 

 the outer web only. 

 h". Inner lining of quills entirely rufous, this 

 rufous colour extending over both the inner 

 and outer webs of the primaries near the 

 base; the shaft dusky. 

 e'". Larger: cuhnenO'7o-0'8inch; hinder crown 

 rufous -u-ith black tips to the feathers, the 

 rufous occiput contrasting with the back. . africana, p. 607. 

 _/"'". Smaller : culmen not exceeding 0'0-5 inch. 

 //*. Upper surface of body ashy grey in tone, 

 t*. Colour of back dark grey ; spots on 

 chest very distinct ; primary-coverts 

 and quills blackish brown with rufous 



margins assamica, p. 609. 



f^. Colour of back pale pearly grey ; spots 

 on chest very minute ; primary-coverts 

 almost entirely rufous ; the quills 

 rufous at base except for a line of 



black down the shaft damarensis, 



h^. Upper surface of body rufesceut or ferru- [p. 612. 



ginous in tone, not ashy. 

 g^. Spots on breast large and distinct. 

 a''. Smaller: primaries entirely rufous, 

 with dusky ends ; only a shaft-line 

 of brown reaching to the base ; 

 primary-coverts rufous like the 



quills ei-ythroptera, 



Ifi. Larger : primaries rufous, the brown [p. 612. 



in the middle of the feather dis- 

 tinctly reaching to the base of the 

 quills ; primary-coverts dark brown , ^ ., ^.-j, 



edged with rufous ^ -i':'^'*' P" • 



h^. Spots on the breast small and nearly ' / >?• 



obsolete. [p. 616. 



(•". Much larger : back sandy rufous .... africanoides, 



d^. Much smaller : back foxy red alopex, p. 617. 



i" . Inner lining of quills not rufous; the prima- 

 ries leaden grey with isabelline on the inner 

 web. 

 .(/'". Above tawny or sandy buff, broadly 

 streaked with blackish centres to the 

 feathers. 

 i^. Larger : with very short bill ; breast 



sparsely spotted with dusky black ncevia, p. 617. 



A-.*. Smaller : bill much smaller ; breast 



thickly spotted with black sahota, p. 618. 



h'". Above uniform black or black with ru- 

 fescent margins ; throat and breast thickly 

 spotted with black ; ear-coverts black .... nigrican.', p. 619. 

 d. Basal half of tail rufous like the upper tail-coverts ; 



breast with large black spots erythropygki, 



[p. 619. 



