I.INNE.VN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 43 



one with Nature, organic aiul inorganic. A great work, ' Die 

 Systematisrhe Pliylogenie,' ajipearetl in 18'J4-9(). It was a 

 tiketch of a natural svsteni of oryanisms on tiie biisis of their 

 -stein-liistorv, and licaiing w il ii the Prutists, jJants and aiiinials. 

 In the 'Kiddle of the Universe " l;e published a popular study of 

 his Moinstic philosophy, and the hook had an imnit-iise sale, being 

 translated into over a dozen different languages. It was followed 

 by a supplementary volume, 'The Wonders of Ijife.' Haeckel 

 was a linn believer in the Inheritance of Acquiied Characters, and 

 regarded it/ as " one of the most important principles in evolu- 

 tionary science." He was consequently a strong opponent of 

 Wjeismann's theory of the Continuity of tiie Germ-plasm, and 

 not a supporter of De Vries's Mutation-theory. 



He was an adept at coining names, usually deri\ ed from Greek, 

 for use in his systematic classitication and for text-books. To 

 him zoologists are indebted for many w ords now in connnon use, 

 •such as: — Ontogeny, Phyliun, Protozoa, Protista, Metazoa, 

 Plankton, Cceloni, and (siastrula. 



It is impossible within the limits of an obituary notice to give 

 more than a brief outline of Haeckel's activities, for he was a 

 prodigious and vigorous worker. Students flocked to his class- 

 rooms at Jena, and his courses of semi-popular lectures on Evolu- 

 tion were fully attended by all sorts and conditions of |)eople, 

 from far and near. In tlie prime of life he was a fine, handsome 

 man, with a strong but charming personalit}', fearless in express- 

 ing his Evolutionary views, which were by no means favoiu-ably 

 received by the nndtitude, ami attempts were even made to eject 

 him from his Chair of Zoology. 



At the time of the outbreak of the Great War, llaeckel had 

 reached the age of eis^htv, and was resting, with the infirmities of 

 old age upon Idm, after the labours of his long and strenuous life. 

 The I act that Britain hon<mred her treaty with Belgium and 

 declared war upon his Fatherland aroused into activity his latent 

 Prussian Houl-cells, and he attacked England, with his pen, with 

 more bitterness and hatred than he ever did his strongest oppo- 

 nents on Evolution and Monism. This eruption may be passed 

 over and put down to " Sendity," for it was against his later 

 years' motto: "The good, the true, and the beautiful, are the 

 ideals, yea the gods, of our Monistic philosophy " ; and besides he 

 had many old friends in England, and had received most of the 

 honours that she could eive him, including the Honorarv Foreign 

 Membersiiip of the Linnean Society and its Gold Medal. He 

 lived to see the end of the war, and, after a prolonged illness, 

 died in his beloved town of Jena on 8th August, 191 5*, at the 

 age of 85. [E. T. Bkowne.] 



John Hopkinson was born at Leeds on the ir)tb November, 

 184'4; his father and uncle having recently and sut-cessfuUy estab- 

 lished the iirm of J. &■ J. Hopkinson, ]):anoforte makers, 

 transferred it iu 18-K) to London, whither in 185(5 the whole 



