f 



LlXXEAN SOCIETY OF LONDOX. 



49 



"symbiosis." The passionate opposition of the professed liclien- 

 ologists was aroused, a veritable "odium lichenuIo>;iciinr' prevailed, 

 and even now the controversy has not aitogetlier^died out. How- 

 ever, the more the actual facts are investigated, the strono-er 

 becomes the position of tlie Sclnvendenerian tht-orv, which is now 

 almost universally accepted. 



Schwendener's contribution to the right understandin"- of 

 Lichens is his first claim to remembrance as a botanist, °His 

 second claim is that he founded and prosecuted, to some extent, 

 the study of physiological anatomy. After 1S7U, his research was' 

 coufiued to the study of the auatoiuy of plants in relation to 

 ftuiction. Whilst at Easel he |)ublished two important works, in 

 which the application of mechanical principles to explain the 

 structure and development of plants was tlie prominent feature. 

 The first was ' Das mechanische Prinzip im anatomischeu Bau 

 der Monokotyleu' (1S74), in which it was shown that the distri- 

 bution of the supporting-tissue (stereom) in these plants is in 

 accordance with recognised principles of constructive engineeriuo-. 

 '^'li« J^ycond was ' Die mechanische Theorie der Blattstt^luno-eu ' 

 (1877), in which he discussed the relation between the various 

 forms of phyllotaxis and the mechanical conditions under which 

 the leaves are developed. 



During his Berlin-period, Schweudeiier published, mostly in 

 the 'J\Jonatsberichte' of the Prussian Academy, a number of 

 papers on various physico-physiological subjects, such as the 

 twnniig of stems, the ascent of sap, the mechanism of the stomata 

 and of the pulvini of leaves, etc. He inspired a number of his 

 students to pursue research in the direction of physiological 

 anatomy, of. whom Professor G. Haberlaiidt, now his successor at 

 Berlin, is the most famous. r^, j£_ Vines 1 



Sir Peter Wyatt Squire, born on 6th February, 1847, the son of 

 Peter 8quu-e, was educated at King's College School, and entered 

 his father's business of pharmaceutical chemist. His publications 

 were chiefly concerned with pharmacy, but in 1867 he ■ was 

 appointed chemist on the medical stafi' of the Eoyal Household. 

 For his services iu this appointment for more than fifty years he" 

 was knighted in June 1919. 



His great recreation was punting, and he wrote the section on 

 that sport in the Badminton Library. He died at his house, 

 'The liyepeck,' at Shepperton, on the 17th September, 1919-' 

 his election as Fellow of our Society dated from the 1st November' 

 ^^''^- [B. D. J.] 



James William Helexus Trail was born at Birsay, Orkney on 

 the 4th March, 1851, the youngest son of the Very Rev. Samuel 

 Trail, minister of Birsay andJlarray, afterwards Professor of 

 Systematic Theology at Aberdeen 1867-87, and Moderator of th(y 

 General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1874. 



LINX. SOC. PROCEEDIXGS. —SESSION 1919-1920. e 



