LINNEAN SOCIETY OE LONDON. 6 I 



male over female flowers ; oa proterandry and protogyuy, and on 

 the convertibility of hermaphrodite into female flowers. There is 

 also a detailed description of the floral organs of Brunonia, a 

 comparison of them with those of Gompositce and Ooodenovicce, 

 coucluding with the reasons for regarding the genus as a type of 

 a new Order, to be placed between the two others. It concludes 

 with a discussion on the characters and affinities of Calycereee, 

 with special reference to their inflorescence and the condition of 

 the disk in this and other families. 



The Botanical Appendix to Capt. Tuckey's Voyage to the Congo 

 appeared in 1818. Its most valuable contents relate to geo- 

 graphical, systematic, and economic botany. The treatment by 

 numerical proportions is applied to the tropical African Flora ; 

 and upwards of thirty Natural Orders have their characters en- 

 larged or affinities discussed, and supplemented by a host of acute 

 and instructive observations, derived from African, Indian, and 

 American genera and species. But the most remarkable part of 

 this work is the history of the origin and distribution of tropical 

 cultivated fruits and vegetables, a subject that lays under con- 

 tribution all the resources supplied by ancient and modern history, 

 voyages, and travels, the migrations and languages of mankind, 

 consideration of temperature, humidity, and elevation, and the 

 means and facilities for transport possessed by the plants them- 

 selves or their fruits or seeds. 



Between 1819 and 1823, Brown's attention was directed to the 

 Arctic Flora, from the polar plants procured during Scoresby's, 

 Eoss's, and Parry's first expedition having been placed in his 

 hands for description. Of the tliree papers, that on the flora 

 of Melville Island, entitled " Chloris Melvilliana," is the only 

 one that gives any general views, and these are chiefly confined 

 to numerical proportions ; it contains critical notes on many 

 species, and no fewer than six new genera* are described in a 

 Mora of 43 genera and 67 species of flowering plants. 



In 1820 Brown communicated to this Society what, in respect 

 of the interest of the subject and the beauty of the illustrations, 

 is perhaps the best known of his Memoirs ; this was his account 

 of the male flower oi Raffles ia, with eight plates by Franz Bauer, 

 to be followed eleven years later by another, on the female flower 

 and fruit of that plant, accompanied by nine additional plates 

 from the pencil of the same distinguished botanical artist, thus 

 completing the history of the genus. This memoir further em- 

 braces all the plants referred by Brown to the same Order, which 

 he designated Rafflesiacece f. The plant itself is described in detail 

 and the description is followed by an excursus on the regular 

 structure or type of anther, and its relation to the leaf on the 

 one hand, and on the other to the carpel. The hypothesis of 

 the formation of all parts of the flower from the homologues 



* Of these two have been suppressed by later authors, 

 t By right of priority Rafflesiacece gives place to Cytinea. 



