14 PUOCF.KDINOS OF TIIK 



some new species of parasitic Acari, and Mi-. Sowerby some new 

 sheila. 



In British Natural History we had memoirs from Mr. IToyh^ 

 on the deep-water Fauna of the Firth of Clyrie ; from Mr. Hart 

 on the mountain rangi; of plants in Ireland ; from Mr. Townseiul 

 oil Eiiphntsid oj/icinalis : and from Mr. J. B. Carruthers on the 

 Cvstocarps of Rhodymenia -palmata. 



For some time I have been examining the materials which 

 flie Society ))ossesses illustrating the features and personal 

 appearance of Liunjeus. This has led me to inquire into the 

 authentic portraits that exist, and into the trustworthiness of the 

 engravings which are intended to give some idea of the features 

 of Linnaeus. Perhaps the result of these inquiries may be of 

 some interest to the Fellows of the Linnean Society. 



Before proceeding further I wish to express my great obliga- 

 tions to Mr. Hubert M. G-epp, of Upsala Univei'sity, who has 

 made for me the most diligent and successful investigations in 

 Sweden, and to Dr. Carl Bovallius, of Upsala, who has, through 

 Mr. Grcpp, presented a considerable series of engraved porti'aits 

 of Linntous to the Society, together wiih photographs of two 

 original portraits in his possession which he believes to be 

 portraits of Linmeus. 



Linnaeus left Sweden in 1735 with some £15 in his pocket- 

 Having obtained his degree at Harderwyck in June, he pro- 

 cee'ded to Amsterdam, where he found himself penniless. The 

 distinguished botanists Burman, Gronovius, and Boerhaave came 

 to his help. Boerhaave urged his friend. Count Clitfort, to 

 obtain the assistance of Linnaeus for scientific work '\w his botanic 

 garden at Hartek-amp. The generous treatment of Clitfort, and 

 the free use of his library and collections, enabled Linnaeus to 

 complete several works on which he had been engaged before 

 leaving Sweden. At the expense of Burman he had already 

 published the seven sheets of tables which form the now rare 

 first edition of the ' Systema Naturae.' The botanical treasures 

 collected in Lapland were described in the ' Flora Lapp»ouica,' 

 published in 1737. The landscape frontispiece of this work was 

 designed by Martinus Hofman. In that year this same Hofman 

 painted, for his patron Count Cliffort, the first authentic 

 portrait of Linnaeus. It is a full-length portrait, representing 

 him as a young man with regular features and large bright eyes. 

 He is in his Lapland dress, and has a pair of fur gloves and 

 various implements employed iu his expedition suspended from 

 his waist. His right hand holds a plant of Linncea, and his left 

 a figured drum. Copies of the works he had published rest on 

 the pedestal of the column by which he stands, and a loose roll 

 of the few leaves composing the first edition of the ' Systema 

 Naturrc ' rest against the column. 



A similar iiortrait was in the possession of Dr. Thornton at 



