50 Bird -Lore 



upon each (juestion till it is answered correctly, and all agree upon 

 the answer. 



A similar plan may be followed for studying the Robin, Bluebird, 

 Catbird, Oriole, or other birds as they arrive, or as they become 

 accessible to certain of the pupils. In April, two years ago, one little 

 girl had observed, and described accurately, seventeen different species 

 of birds which she had seen in the little yard of her home. They had 

 been attracted by the food she had put out for them. 



The nest-building of birds is also a good subject for observation, 

 the Robin being, perhaps, the best species for a first study. 



QUESTIONS ON N EST-BUILDINC, AND NESTING HABITS 



Which bird does most building, the male, or the female ? 



Do both carry material ? 



Does the male ever seem to be acting as escort or guard to his mate ? 



What materials are used ? What is the appearance of the nest ? Its situa 

 tion — sheltered, or not? 



After the nest is completed, watch it till the young are hatched. Which bird 

 sits upon the eggs ? Does the male ever relieve his mate at this task ? Does he bring 

 food to her ? Does he spend some time singing to her, as if he were trying to keep 

 her cheerful ? Does he protect her from attack by birds or other enemies ? 



SOME QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED ABOUT ROBINS 



Learn to distinguish the voices and call notes of the male and female. Which 

 bird wakes first in the morning and calls the other ? You may also notice, sometimes, 

 in the night, that one bird wakes and calls the other. Which one generally wakes 

 first at these times ? 



Do Robins raise more than one brood in a season ? If so, do they use the same 

 nest twice ? If they raise two broods, what becomes of the first, while the mother 

 is sitting upon the eggs for the second ? 



Watch for a Robin leading out a family of chicks. Notice the feeding after the 

 birds are old enough to run and fly fairly well. The young birds are placed apart 

 by the parent, who visits each one in turn, and rebukes any who tries to be piggish, 

 sometimes nipping it with its bill when it runs up out of turn. Notice this parent 

 teaching the young to sing, — it is a very interesting sight. 



The teacher will need some good manual to aid in identifying 

 some of the species, though much of the work the first season 

 would better be upon common, well-known birds. The following are 

 recommended : 



'Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America,' by Frank M. 

 Chapman, published by D. Appleton & Co.: 'Bird-Craft,' by Mabel 

 Osgood Wright, published by The Macmillan Company. 



