66 FRINGIILID.2B. 



pale margins which the feathers assume in winter. This species is 

 likewise distinguished by a richer variety of colour than the more 

 southern forms, G. cyanea and its allies. All the latterapparently 

 differ in no wise in colour, and the young birds moult directly 

 from the immature brown plumage into the full blue plumage of the 

 adults. 0. parellina, however, resembles the G. cyanea group in 

 its style of coloration, but yet possesses a seasonal plumage like 

 G. ccerulea, and assumes the breeding-dress through the abrasion of 

 the pale edges of the feathers, thus forming an interesting link 

 between the two sections of the genus. 



Key to the Species. 



Males. 



a. With a chestnut wing-patch formed by the 



median coverts ccerulea, p. 66. 



b. With no chestnut on the wings. 



«'. Smaller; wing not exceeding 2'05 inches : 

 lower back and rump conspicuously 



brighter blue than the mantle pareVina, p. G9. 



V. Larger ; wing at least 27 inches : lower 

 back and rump slightly, if at all, brighter 

 than the mantle. 

 a . Purplish blue, with a distinct bright 



frontal band and wing-patch formed , Cl/aneu -j 



by the lesser coverts j araentina p 73 



b. Duller blue, frontal patch and shoulder- J ' y ' 



patch less distinct eyahoides, p. 73. 



c". Dull indigo-blue or blackish, with a very 



faint frontal hand and shoulder-patch concreta, p. 74. 

 d". Entirely greenish blue above and below glaucoceerulea, p. 75. 



1. Guiraca cserulea. 



Blue Grosbeak, Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carol, i. p, 39, pi. 89(1731); 



Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. pt.'l, p. 116 (1783) ; Penn, Arctic, Zool. ii. p. 351 



(1785). 

 Le Bouvreuil bleu de la Caroline, Briss. Orn. lii. p. 323 (17G0). 

 Loxia cserulea, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 30G (17GG) ; Wagler,Isis, 1831 



p. 525; Wilson, Amer. Orn. iii. p. 78, pi. xxiv. fig. 6 (1811). 

 Fringilla cserulea, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 22 (1823) ; Audub. B. Amer. 



pi. cxxii. ; id, Orn. Biogr. ii. p. 140 (1834), v. p. 508 (1839). 

 Guiraca cserulea, Swains. Phil. May. i. p. 438 (1827) ; Jard. ed. Wils. 



Amer. Orn. i. p. 307 (1832) ; Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. § N.Amer. 



p. 30 (1838) ; Gray, Gen, B. ii. p. 357 (1844) ; Baird, B. N. Amer. 



p. 499 (1858) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, pp. 365, 378 ; Salvia, Ibis, 1861, 



p. 352 ; Scl. Cat. Amer. B. p. 10 (1862) ; id, P. Z. S. 18G4, p. 174 ; 



Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 491 ; Laicr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 286 



(1866) ; Baird, Ibis, 1867, p. 276 ; Duqes, La Nat. i. p. 139 (1868) ; 



Later. Ann. Lye. N Y. ix. p. 102 (1868), p. 200 (1869) ; Sumichr. 



Mem. Bost. Soc. N H. i. p. 552 (1869) ; Von Frantz. J. f. O. 1869, 



p. 301 ; Cooper, B. Cahf. p. 230 (1870) ; Scl. fy Sale. Nomencl. 



Av. Neotr. p. 27 (1873) ;' Scl. Ibis, 1873, p. 373 ; Baird, Brewer, § 



Ridgic. Hist. N. Amer. B. ii. p. 76 (1874) ; Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc, 



