100 FRINGILLID-E. 



dusky olive than the back ; lores and a narrow eyebrow yellowish 

 white, as also the eyelid ; ear-eoverts olive-brown, streaked with 

 white ; cheeks, throat, and under surface of body white, washed- 

 with yellow ; sides of neck olive-green ; fore neck and chest more 

 ashy, washed with yellow ; lower breast and abdomen white, sides 

 of body and flanks ashy brown washed with olive ; thighs brown 

 washed with olive ; under tail-coverts isabelline, with brown bases 

 and washed with olive ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white, 

 edged with olive-yellow ; quills below dusky, ashy whitish along the 

 inner edge. Total length 5-5 inches, culmen 0-45, wing 2-55, tail 

 1-95, tarsus 0-6. 



Adult female. Darker olive-green than the male ; the median and 

 greater wing-coverts tipped with ochreous buff, forming a double 

 wing-bar ; the margins of the quills more reddish brown than in the 

 male ; eyelid and lores olive-yellow ; ear-coverts and sides of face 

 dull olive-green ; throat olive-yellow ; fore neck, breast, and sides 

 of the body olive-brown washed with yellow ; centre of abdomen 

 white, washed with olive-yellow ; under tail-coverts pale brown, 

 washed with olive-yellow at the ends, which are dull whitish. 

 Total length 4"7 inches, culmen 0-45, wing 2-5, tail 1-9, tarsus 0-65. 



A young male which died in the Zoological Gardens has the buff 

 tips to the wing-coverts as in the old female, and has the base of 

 the forehead white. The adult male described above is from 

 Pelotas, and shows no sign of this white forehead, which is appa- 

 rently only assumed when the bird is very old. It is present in 

 a Brazilian specimen in the Salvin-Godman Collection, this specimen 

 being white below with scarcely any tinge of yellow, the sides of the 

 body ashy brown. 



Hob. Brazil. 



a. Ad.sk. Brazil. J. Gould, Esq. 



b, c. (5 5 a( i- s k- Brazil. Sclater Coll. 



d, e. 5 ad. sk. Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul Salviu-Godman Coll. 



(Joyner). 



f. <$ Ad. sk. San Paulo (Joyner). Salvin-Godman Coll. 



y. Ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



6. Spermophila simplex. 



Speimophila simplex, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 132, 519 ; Nation, t. c. 



p. 329 : Tacz. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 199 ; id. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 16 



(1886). 

 Sporophila simplex, Giebel, Thes. Orn. iii. p. 523 (1877). 



Adult male. General colour above light olive-brown, strongly 

 washed with ashy ; lesser wing-coverts like the back ; median and 

 greater coverts dusky brown, edged with olive-brown, blackish at 

 base, and rather broadly tipped with white, forming a double wing- 

 bar ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills dusky brown, edged 

 with olive-brown, the inner secondaries whitish at the ends, the 

 inner primaries white at the base of the outer web, forming a 

 speculum : upper tail-coverts like the back ; tail-feathers brown, 



