1 28 FRINGILUD JE. 



30. Spermophila gutturalis. 



? Black and Yellow Frizzled Sparrow, Edwards, Gleanings, ii. p. 128, 



pi. 271. fig. 1 (1760). 

 F Fringilla crispa, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 324 (176(5, ex Edwards). 

 ? Loxia crispa, P. L. 8. Mull. Syst. Nat., Anliang, p. 258 (1776) ; Cass. 



Proc. Phi/ad, Acad. 1864, p. 253. 

 Fringilla gutturalis, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 20 (1823). 

 Loxia ignobilis, Spix, Av. Bras. p. 46, pi. 60. fig. 3 (1824). 

 Loxia plebeja, Spix, t.c. p. 46, pi. 59. fig. 3 (1824). 

 Fringilla rnelanoeephala, Neuwied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras. iii. p. 577 



(1830). 

 Spermophila olivaceoflava, Lafr. Rev. Zoul. 1843, p. 291, 1846, p. 207. 

 Spermophila gutturalis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 386(1844); Scl. P. Z.S. 



1855, p. 100, 1800, p. 293; id. Cat. Amer. B. p. 105 (1862) ; Scl. 



Sf Satv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 352, 1867, p. 572 ; Peh. Orn. Bras. 



pp. 225, 438 (1871); Scl. Ibis, 1871, p. 15; Wyatt, t.c. p. 328; 



Scl. fy Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 28 (1873) ; Layard, Ibis, 1873, 



p. 380 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 519 ; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1876, 



p. 16 ; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 507 ; Tacz. t. c. p. 229 ; id. P. Z. S. 



1880, p. 199 ; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 336 ; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 215 ; 



id. § Godman, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 354 (1885) ; Tacz. 



Orn. Perou, iii. p. 13 (1886). 

 Spermophila plebeia, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 386 (1844). 

 Spermophila ignobilis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 386 (1844). 

 Pnonipara gutturalis. Bp. Consp. i. p. 494 (1850) ; Later. Ann. Lye. 



N. Y. vii. p. 298 (1861). 

 Sporophila gutturalis, Cab. Mns. Hein. Th. i. p. 149 (1850) ; Burin. 



Th. .Bras. iii. p. 244 (1856). 

 Passerina gutturalis., Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 98, no. 7454 (1870). 

 Spermophila gutturalis olivacea, Berlepsch fy Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, 



p. 537, 1884, p. 293. 

 Spermophila gutturalis pallida, Berlepsch, J. f. O. 1884, p. 294. 



Adult male. General colour above dull olive-greenish, blackish 

 towards the mantle and bead ; lesser wing-coverts like the back ; 

 median and greater coverts dusky blackish, edged with olive-green ; 

 bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills dusky blackish, fringed 

 with olive-green, broader on the secondaries ; a small alar speculum 

 of yellowish white, formed by tbe white bases to the outer webs of 

 the inner primaries ; upper tail-coverts like the back : tail-feathers 

 dusky brown, edged witb olive-greenish ; crown of head dull black, 

 as also the entire sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, sides of 

 neck, and fore neck ; breast and abdomen pale sulphur-yellow ; sides 

 of body and flanks pale sulphur-yellow, mottled with blackisb bases ; 

 thighs yellow, black posteriorly ; under tail-coverts pale yellow ; under 

 wing-coverts and axillaries white, washed with yellow, dusky blackish 

 near the edge of the wing ; quills below dusky, ashy along the inner 

 edge, whitish towards the base : " hill blackish ; legs dark brownish 

 grey ; iris clear greyish brown " (Neuwied). Total length 4"5 inches, 

 culmen 0-4, wing 2-1, tail 1*6, tarsus 0"55. 



In seasonal plumage the male is much more olive-green than in 

 its full plumage, and the bead is like the back, the black showing 

 only on the forehead, and being overshaded witb olive-green on the 



