23. CARDIJTALIS. 165 



Cardinalis virginianus (nee Z.), Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, p. 302 ; Finsch, 



Abhandl. nat. Ver. Brem. 1870, p. 339 ; Grayson, Proc. Post. Soc. 



N. ff-nr. p. 281 (1871). _ 

 Cardinalis virginianus, var. igneus, Coues, Key N. Amer. B. p. 151 



(1872) ; Zaicr. Mem. Post. Soc. ii. p. 275 (1874) ; Paird, Brewer. 



§ Ridgw. Hist. N. Amer. P. ii. pp. 90, 103 (1874). 

 Cardinalis virginianus igneus, Ridr/w. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 21, 



p. 26 (1881) ; Beldiny, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mu,: v. p. 541 (1883), vi. 



p. 343 (1883) ; Coues, Key X. Amer. P. p. 394 (1884). 

 Cardinalis virginiana ignea, Coues, Check-list X. Amer. P. p. 60 



(1882). 

 Cardinalis ruber igneus, Stejneyer, Auk, i. p. 172 (188 1 f. 

 Cardinalis cardinalis igneus, Stejneqer, Auk, i. p. 171 (1804) ; A. O. U. 



Checklist N. Amer. P. p. 280 (1886). 



Adult male. Similar to 0. virginianus, but 'with a larger bill, and 

 rather smaller in size ; the black mask on the face not continued 

 across the forehead. Total length 8 inches, culroen 0-7, wing 3-6, 

 tail 44, tarsus 0'95. 



The wing varies in a series from 3-4 to 3-6 inches, and the black 

 line across the forehead is sometimes complete ; and these specimens 

 hold a somewhat intermediate position between C. virginianus and 

 C. igneus. In birds from the Tres Marias Islands the bill, already 

 longer than that of C. virginianus. attains to still greater dimensions. 



Adult female. Ashy brown above, with an ochreous shade ; wing- 

 coverts dull vermilion, edged with ashy brown, the primary-coverts 

 and quills dusky brown, externally washed with dull vermilion, the 

 inner secondaries more completely ashy brown ; tail-feathers dull 

 red with ashy margins, and crossed with dusky bars under certain 

 lights : head ashy ochreous, the long crest-feathers dull vermilion 

 with ashy ochreous margins and blackish centres ; lores paler 

 ochreous ; ear-coverts ashy ochreous, with whitish shaft-lines ; under 

 surface of body ochreous buffy whitish on the throat, and paler buff 

 on the abdomen ; thighs washed with vermilion ; axillaries and 

 under wing-coverts pale rosy vermilion : quills dusky below, pale ver- 

 milion along the inner web. Total length 7 inches, culmen - 75, 

 wing 3-5, tail 3'75, tarsus 1. 



Hab. Lower California, probably throughout Western Mexico 

 north of the Rio Grande to Santiago (B., B., 6,' R.); Tres Marias 

 Islands. 



a. $ ad. sk. North America. Sclater Coll. 



6. c? ad. sk. San Jose, Lower California, Salvin-Godnian Coll. 



April 20 (L. Beldiny ; 



Sm. no. 87554). 



Cardinalis superbus. 



Cardinalis cardinalis superbus, Ridgw. Auk, iii. p. 334 (1886) ; A. O. U . 

 Check-list X. Amer. B. p. 286 (18S6). 



" Similar to C. cardinalis igneus, but decidedly larger and the female more 

 richly coloured " (Ridgway). 



Full descriptions and measurements will be found in Mr. Ridgway's paper. 



