26. CARDUELIS. 185 



tail-feathers dusky brown, edged with dull red ; crown of head 

 rather brighter and more crimson ; lores dusky ; sides of face, 

 feathers round eye, ear-coverts, cheeks, and under surface of 

 body rosy crimson, the breast slightly varied with ashy bases to the 

 feathers ; abdomen ashy grey, whiter towards the vent ; sides of 

 body and flanks rosy crimson ; thighs ashy ; under tail-coverts ashy 

 grey, edged with greyish white ; under wing-coverts and axillaries 

 ashy, washed with pale rosy ; quills below dusky, the inner edge 

 ashy. Total length 5 inches, culrnen 0-5, wing 3 - 15, tail 2*1, 

 tarsus - 7. 



Adult female. General colour above brown, washed with crimson, 

 rather brighter on the lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts ; 

 wing-coverts like the back, the greater coverts rather more ochrcous 

 at the ends ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills dark brown, 

 edged with lighter brown, slightly tinged with rosy on the primaries; 

 tail-feathers dark brown, edged with lighter brown ; crown of head 

 like the back, with a slight rosy tinge ; lores aud feathers round 

 eye ashy ; ear-coverts dark brown, with ashy shaft-lines ; cheeks, 

 throat, aud under surface of body brown, the centre of the breast, 

 ashy, whiter on the lower abdomen and vent ; sides of body and 

 flanks brown with a slight reddish tinge ; thighs and under tail- 

 coverts ashy, whitish at the ends ; under wing-coverts and axillaries 

 ashy, the latter edged with ochreous brown ; quills below dusky, 

 ashy along the inner edge. Total length 5 inches, culmen 0-5, 

 wing 3, tail 2 1, tarsus 0-65. 



Hub. Nepal and Sikhim. 



«, b. S 2 ad - sk. Darpling, 1870. - Hume Coll. 



c, d. <$ 5 ad. sk. Darjiling. Hume Coll. 



(Types of P. mandettii). 

 e,f. d\ g. 2 ad. sk. Sikhim, Feb. 1871 (L. MandeUi). Hume Coll. 

 h. $ ad. sk. Dolaka, Nepal, Aug. 1875 {L. Hume Coll. 



MandeUi). 



26. CARDUELIS. T 



Carduelis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 53 (1760) C. carduelis. 



Range. Europe generally, including the countries south of the 

 Mediterranean and Madeira, eastwards to Central and Eastern 

 [Siberia, Persia, Turkestan, and the Himalaya Mountains. 



Key to the Species. 



a. Hinder crown aud sides of neck black; face crim- 



son ; back ruddy brown as also the breast carduelis, p. 185. 



b. No black on hinder crown and sides of neck ; back 



ashy as also the breast caniceps, p. 189. 



1. Carduelis carduelis. 



Le Chardonneret, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 53 ( 17C0) : Daubent. PI. Enl. iv. 



pi. 4. fig. 1 ; Month. Hist. Nut. Ois. iv. p. 187, pi. 10 (1778). 

 The Goldfinch, Venn. Brit. Zvol. p. 108, pi. 108. tigs. 1, 2 (176G). 

 Fringilla carduelis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 318 (176(3) ; Gm. Syst. Nat. 



