31. ACANTHTS. 237 



Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 521 (1843) ; Bp. Sf Schl. Monogr. Loxiens, 



p. 45, pi. 50 (1850); Bp. Consp. i. p. 540 (1850); Horsf. $ 



Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 490 (1856) ; Jaub. et Barth. 



Lapomm. Rich. Orn. p. 144 (1859) ; Gould, B. Gt. Br. iii. pi. 50 ; 



It. Gray, B. West Scotl. p. 149 (1871) ; Irby, B. Gibr. p. 121 



(1875). 

 Acanthis montium, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 125 (1849). 

 Cannabina microrliynchos, Brehin, Vogelf. p. 106 (1855). 

 Linota montana, Doderl. Avif. Sicil. p. 84 (1869). 

 Linota tiavirostris, Saunders, Ibis, i860, p. 172 ; Sorting, Handb. 



Brit. B. p. 28 (1872) ; Newton, ed. Yarr. Brit. B. ii. p. 160 (1876) ; 



Dresser, B. Eur. iv. p. 59, pi. 191 (1876) ; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. 



Coll. p. 206 (1882) ; B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 54 (1883) ; Booth, 



Rough Notes, part viii. (1884); Seebohm, Ibis, 1882, p. 218; 



Radde, Orn. Cauc. p. 35 (1886). 



Adult male. General colour above rudely brown, broadly streaked 

 with black down the centre of the feathers, those of the mantle and 

 upper back with pale fulvescent margins ; rump vinous, with a 

 subterminal dusky shade on the feathers ; lesser wing-coverts uniform 

 ruddy brown ; median and greater coverts dusky brown, edged with 

 the same brown as the back, becoming paler and more whitish 

 towards the end of the feathers ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, 

 and quills blackish brown, edged with paler brown, the secondaries 

 fringed with white at the ends, the brown margin not commencing 

 till the middle of the feathers, so that their basal portion is entirely 

 blackish ; the inner primaries margined with white : upper tail- 

 coverts blackish, with brown margins ; tail-feathers blackish, edged 

 with brown, all but the centre ones margined with white, and having 

 a broad edging of white along the inner web, increasing in extent 

 towards the outer feather ; crown of head like the back and similarly 

 streaked ; lores and a tolerably distinct eyebrow reddish brown ; 

 ear-coverts and cheeks also reddish brown, the former streaked with 

 blackish ; throat and fore neck clear reddish brown, the latter 

 with dusky-blackish streaks, broader and more distinct on the sides 

 of the breast ; centre of breast and abdomen white ; sides of body 

 and flanks dull reddish brown, streaked with blackish : thighs 

 brown ; under tail-coverts white ; under wing-coverts white, with 

 ashy bases ; axillaries pale reddish brown, with blackish centres ; 

 quills below dusky, ashy along the inner edge. Total length 5 

 inches, culmen 0-35, wing 3, tail 2-3, tarsus 0-65. 



In summer plumage the adult male only differs in being rather 

 lighter, especially on the face and throat, which are paler and more 

 tawny rufous ; the sides of the neck are paler and more ashy fulvous, 

 streaked with black. 



Adult female. Similar to the male but wanting the vinous rump, 

 this part being like the back and similarly streaked. Total length 

 5-3 inches, culmen 0-35, wing 3, tail 2*3, tarsus - 6. 



Young birds in first autumn plumage resemble the old female and 

 differ from the adults in having dusky bills. The young males 

 have a faint indication of a vinous tinge on the rump. 



