31. ACANTHIS. 241 



(1833) ; Gould, B. Eur. iii. pi. 191 (1837) ; Macgill. Brit. B. i. 



p. 371 (1837) ; Thomps. B. Irel. i. p. 269 (1849) ; Sa'lvin, Ibis, 1859, 



p. 313; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 109, no. 7645 (1870); Keulem. 



Onze Vog. ii. pi. 45 (1873) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1875, p. 242; id. B. 



Eur. iv. p. 31, pi. 186 (1875). 

 Cannabina pinetorum, Brehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1277 ; id. Vog. Deutschl. 



p. 276 (1831). 

 Cannabina arbustorum, Brehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1277 ; id. Vog. 



Deutschl. p. 277 (1831). 

 Linaria vulgaris, Riipp. Neue Wirb. p. 131 (1835). 

 Linota cannabina, Bp. Comp. Lid B. Eur. Sf N. Amer. p. 34 (1838) ; 



Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 582 (1843) ; Bp. Comp. i. p. 539 (1850) ; id. 



& Schl. Monogr. Loxiens, p. 43, pi. 48 (1850) ; Jaub. et Barth.- 



Lapomm. Rich. Om. p. 142 (1859) ; Pattys, Ibis, 1860, p. 138 ; 



A. Xeioton, Ibis, 1803, p. 194; Adams, Ibis, 1864, p. 23; Gould, 



B. Gt. Br. iii. pi. 49 ; Loche, Expl. Sci, Alger., Ois. ii. p. 166 

 (1867) ; Taylor, Ens, 1807, p. 65 ; Drake, t. c. p. 427 ; Doderl. 

 Acif. Sicil. p. 83 (1869) ; Ii. Gray, B. West Scott, p. 147 (1871) ; 

 Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 219 ; Godman, Ibis, 1872, p. 212; Hurting, 

 Handb. Brit. B. p. 27 (1872) ; Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 154 (1872) ; 

 Brooke, Ibis. 1873, p. 247; Durnf. Ibis, 1874, p. 390; Irbi/, B. 

 Gibr. p. 121 (1875); Newt. ed. Yarr. Brit. B. ii. p. 153 (1876); 

 Da/if. Ibis, 1878, p. 23; Bnqd. B. Cauc. p. 06 (1879); Saluin, 

 Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 206 (1882); B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 53 



(1883) ; Seeb. Ibis, 1883, p. 10 ; Irby, t, c. p. 183 ; Chapm. Ibis, 

 1884, p. 82; Saunders, t. c. p. 376; Radde, Om. Cauc. p. 167 



(1884) ; Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 40 ; Reid, t. c. p. 245 ; Tait, Ibis, 

 1887, p. 195. _ 



Cannabina linaria, Riipp. Syst. Uebers. p. 77 (1845). 



Cannabina linota, Gray, List Gen. B. 1840, p. 45 ; Cub. Mus. Hein. 



Th. i. p. 101 (1850) ; Degl. et Gerbe, Om. Eur. i. p. 288 (1807); 



Heuql. Om. N.O.-Afr.^. 644(1869); Sahad. Faun, ltal, Ucc. 



p. 155 (1871); Giqltoli, Iconoqr. Avif. Ital, pt. 23 (1883); id. 



Arif. Ital. p. 34 (1886) ; Salvad. Blench, Ucc, Ital. p. 177 (1887). 

 Acanthis cannabina, Blyth, Cat, B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 125(1849); 



Severtz. Turkest. Jevotn. p. 64 (1873). 

 Cannabina major, Brehm, Vogelf. p. 106 (1855). 

 Cannabina minor, Brehm, t. c. p. 100 (1855). 

 Linota linaria, Seebohm, Ibis, 1882, p. 218. 



Adult male. General colour above -warm reddish brown, with a 

 few indistinct black shaft-lines on the feathers of the mantle and 

 upper back ; rump paler than the back, with sandy rufous edges to 

 the feathers ; wing-coverts like the back, the inner greater coverts 

 with slightly paler edges ; bastard-wing and primary-coverts blackish 

 edged with brown ; quills blackish, the primaries externally white 

 excepting the first ; the secondaries tipped with white and edged 

 with rufous-brown, the innermost entirely of the latter colour and 

 resembling the back ; upper tail-coverts black, edged with ashy 

 white ; tail-feathers black, edged with white externally, the inner 

 web also edged with white, increasing in extent towards the outer 

 feathers, which have the inner half of the inner web entirely white ; 

 crown of head, occiput, nape, and hind neck ashy brown, somewhat 

 streaked with mesial blackish spots on the crown, some of the feathers 

 of which are paler edged ; base of forehead ashy succeeded by a sinci- 



VOl. XII. E 



