32. MOUTIFRIXGILLA. 265 



breast, sides of body, and flanks pale fawn -brown ; thighs and under 

 tail-coverts white ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white ; quills 

 below dusky, white along the inner edge. Total length 5*7 inches, 

 culmen 05, wing 3 - 8, tail 2-25, tarsus 065. 



The large series in the Hume Collection does not contain a single 

 specimen with the sex marked, Mr. Mandelli having evidently dis- 

 trusted his native collectors on this head. Many specimens want 

 the black throat, and these may be the adult females. 



Young birds are browner than the adults, and have the head dusky 

 brown, with the lores and facial markings as well as the chin-spot 

 dull ashy instead of black ; there is less white at the base of the 

 inner primaries. 



The winter plumage is more sandy and lighter than the summer 

 plumage, and the white forehead and sides of face are very clear. 



Hab. Sikhim and Thibet. 



a. Ad. sk. Thibet, March 1875 (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 



b. Ad. sk. Thibet, May 1870 (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 

 e. Ad. ; d. Juv. sk. Thibet, July 1870 (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 

 e,f. Juv. sk. Thibet, Aug. 1870 (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 

 g. Ad. sk. Thibet, Sept. 1874 (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 



(Tvpe of species.) 

 h-m. Ad.; n,o,p. Thibet, Sept. 1874-1878 (Z. Man- Hume Coll. 



Juv. sk. delli). 



q. Ad. ; r. Juv. sk. Thibet, Oct. 1878 (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 

 s, t, u. Ad. ; v. Near Darjiling. Hume Coll. 



Juv. sk. 



7. Montifringilla davidiana. 



Passer ouratensis, David, MSS. ; Sicinh. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 430, 1871, 



p. 386. 

 Pyrgilauda davidiana, J. Verr. N. Arch. Mas. vi. Bull. p. 40 (1870), 



vii. p. 62. pi. i. fig. 2 (1871) ; Prjevalski in Poicley's Orn. Misc. ii. 



p. 292 (1877) ; David $ Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 339 (1877). 



Adult male. General colour above sandy brown, with blackish- 

 brown centres to the feathers of the mantle and upper back, the 

 rump rather more uniform ; lesser wing-coverts ashy brown ; median 

 and greater coverts dusky brown, with sandy-buff edges; bastard- 

 wing blackish brown, fringed with whitish ; primary-coverts blackish 

 brown, edged with white, the outer ones broadly ; quills dusky 

 brown, externally edged with pale brown, tipped with a white 

 margin, the secondaries externally sandy brown, edged with whitish 

 at the ends, the inner primaries white across both webs near the 

 base, forming an oblique band ; upper tail-coverts dusky brown, 

 edged with ashy, the lateral ones sandy buff; centre tail-feathers 

 dark brown, broadly edged with sandy buff, subterminally margined 

 with white, the remainder blackish, with more or less white towards 

 the base of the inner web ; a broad subterminal bar of black across 

 the end of the feathers, preceded by a broad white bar, the outer 

 feather for the most part white, except a blackish patch in the 

 middle of the inner web and a small subterminal black spot ; crown 

 of head uniform sandy brown ; eyelid, sides of hinder crown, ear- 



