38. passer. 309 



Pyrgita doniestica, Cuv. Eigne Anini. i. p. 385 (1817) ; Bote, Isis, 

 1822, p. 554 ; Brehm, Vog. Deutschl, p. 264 (1831) ; Gould, B. 

 Eur. iii. pi. 184 (1837) ; Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. <§■ N. Amer. p. 31 

 (1838) ; Selys-Longch. Faune Beige, p. 80 (1842) ; Hodgs. Icon. ined. 

 in Brit. Mus., Passeres, pi. 285 (nos. 447-448) ; id. in Gray's Zool. 

 Misc. p. 84 (1844) ; Gray, Cat. Mamm. etc. Nepal pres. Hodgs. 

 p. 107 (1846) ; Licht. Nomencl. Av. Berol. p. 47 (1854) ; Filippi, 

 Viagg. Persia, p. 349 (1865). 



Pyrgita pagorum, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 265 (1831). 



Pyrgita rustica, Brehm, t. c. p. 266 (1831). 



Fringilla pyrrhoptera, Less, in Belong. Voy. Ind. Orient, p. 274 (1834). 



Passer indicus, Jard. §■ SeUby, El. Orn. iii. p. 118 (c. 1848) ; Blyth, 

 Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 119 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 510 (1850); 

 Kelaart, Prodr. p. 126 (1852) ; Horsf. § Moore, Cat. B. E. I. Co. 

 M^is. ii. p. 499 (1856) ; Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 231 ; Jerd. B. Ind. ii. 

 p. 362 (1863); Beavan, Ibis, 1866, p. 419, 1867, p. 138; Blyth, 

 Ibis, 1867, p. 41 ; Hume, Lbis, 1868, p. 240 ; Pelz. t. c. p. 318 ; 

 Brooks, Ibis, 1869, p. 59; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 86, no. 7259 

 (1870) ; Holdsio . P. Z. S. 1872, p. 464 ; Hume $ Henders. Lahore 

 to Yark. p. 252 (1873) ; Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 413 ; Hume, 

 Nests S( Eggs Ind. B. p. 457 (1873); id. Str. F. 1873, p. 209; 

 Adam, t. c. p. 387 ; Ball, Sir. F. 1874, p. 421 ; Gates, Str. F. 1875, 

 p. 156; Fairb. t. c. p. 261; Butler, t. c. p. 496 ; Bhfth, Ii. Burm. 

 p. 93 (1875) ; Blanf. East. Persia, ii. p. 254 (1876) ; Oates, Str. F. 

 1877, p. 163 ; Fairb. t. c. p. 408 ; Hume $ Davison, Str. F. 1878, 

 pp. 406, 520 ; Davidson $ Wenden, Str. F. 1878, vol. ii. p. 85 ; Ball, 

 t. c. p. 222 ; Cripps, t. c. p. 294 ; Tiraud, Bull. Com. Agric. Cochin- 

 chine, p. 133 (1879) ; Hume, Str. F. 1879, p. 169; Bingham, t. c. 

 p. 195 ; Biddulph, Lbis, 1881, p. 79 ; Scully, t. c. p. 573 ; Biddulph, 

 Ibis, 1882, p. 281 ; Oates, B. Brit. Burm. i. p. 346 (1883) ; Murray, 

 Verteb. Faun. Sindh, p. 183 (1884). 



Passer pyrrhopteriis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 373 (1849) ; id. Hand-l. B. 

 ii. p. 86, no. 7278 (1870). 



? Passer rufipectus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 509 (1850) ; Loche, Evpl. Sci. 

 Alger., Ois. i. p. 136 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 86, no. 7270 

 (1870). 



Passer arboreus, Licht. in Mus. Berol. ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 510 (1850). 



Passer Confucius, Bp. Notes Orn. Coll. Delattre, p. 14 (1854) ; Gray, 

 Hand-l, B. ii. p. 88, no. 7277 (1870). 



Pyrgita valida, etc., Brehm, Vogelf. p. 98 (1855). 



Passer tiugitanus, Bp. Cat. Parzud. p. 18 (1856) ; Loche, Expl. Sci. 

 Alger., Ois. i.'p. 132 (1867) ; Homey er, J.f. O. 1869, p. 260, note. 



Passer rufidorsalis etc., Brehm, Naum. 1856, p. 376. 



Pyrgita cabirina, Heugl. J.f. O. 1867, p. 299 (ex Wiirt. MSS.). 



Pyrgita pectoralis, Heugl, ut supra. 



Passer domesticus, subsp. caucasicus, Bogd. B. Cauc. p. 60 (1879). 



Passer domesticus indicus, Seebohm, Ibis, 1883, p. 8. 



Adult male in summer plumage. General colour above chestnut, 

 streaked with black on the mantle and back, with a concealed sub- 

 terminal mark of ashy white on the feathers of this portion of the 

 body : lower back and rump dull ashy, the upper tail-coverts browner ; 

 scapulars like the back ; lesser wing-coverts uniform chestnut : median 

 coverts black, broadly tipped with white, forming a wing-bar ; greater 

 coverts black, broadly edged with chestnut ; bastard-wing blackish ; 

 primary-coverts and quills blackish, edged with pale rufous, broader 



