44. CAKPODACUS. 409 



12. Carpodacus purpureus. 



Purple Finch, Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carol, i. pi. 41 (1731) ; Lath. Gen. 



Syn. ii. pt. i.p. 275 (1783). 

 Bouvreuil violet de la Caroline, Briss. Om. iii. p. 324 (1760). 

 Le Bouvreuil ou Bec-rond de la Caroline, Month. Hist. Nat. iv. 



p. 395 (1778). 

 Friugilla purpurea, Gin. Syst, Nat. i. p. 923 (1788); Wilson, Amer. 



Orn. i. p. 119, pi. vii. fig-. 4 (1808), v. p. 87, pi. 4. fig-. 3 (1812) ; 



Audubon, B. Amer. pi. 4; id. Orn. Biogr. i. p. 24 (1831), v. p. 500 



(1839) ; Sw. 8f Rich. Faun. Bor.-Amer., Birds, p. 2(34 (1831). 

 Hsemorrhous purpureus, Swains. Classif. B. ii. p. 295 (1837). 

 Erythrospiza purpurea, Bp. Comp. List B. Bur. § N. Amer. p. 34 



(1838); Jard. ed. Wils. Amer. Om. i. p. 119, pi. vii. fig. 4, ii. 



p. 182, pi. xlii. tig. 3; Audub. B. Amer. iii. p. 170, pi. 190 (1841). 

 Carpodacus purpureus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 384 (1844) ; Bp. Consp. 



i. p. 533 (1850); Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 412 (1858); Blakist. 



Ibis, 1862, p. 6, 1863, p. 70 ; Brown, Ibis, 1868, p. 421 ; Gray, 



Hand-l. B. ii. p. 101, no. 7509 (1870); Merrill, Rep. U. S. Geol. 



Sum. vi. p. 078 (1872) ; Coues, Key N. Amer. B. p. 128 (1872); 



id. B. N.-West, p. 106 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer, $ Ridgw. Hist. N. 



Amer. B. i. p. 462, pi. 21 . figs. 7, 8 (1874) ; Coues, Bull U. S. Geol, 



Surv. iv. p. 577 (1878) ; Ridgw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mm. iii. p. 176 



(1880) ; Coues, Check-list N. Amer. B. p. 47 (1882) ; Salvin, Cat. 



Strickl. CoU. p. 204 (1882); W.E.Brooks, Ibis, 1884, p. 235; 



Coues, Key N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 346 (1884); Turner, Pr. 



U. S. Nat. Mia. viii.p. 239 (1885); A. O. U. Check-list N. Amer. 



B. p. 250 (1886) ; Breivst. Auk, 1886, p. 107; Set on, t.c. p. 323; 



Fox, t. c. p. 317. 

 Caipodacus californicus, Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 413, pi. 72. figs. 2, 3 



(1858); Coues, Ibis, 1865, p. 164; Baird, Ibis, 1867, p. 270; 



Cooper, B. Calif, p. 154 (1870) ; Belding, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. i. 



pp. 391,393(1879). 

 Carpodacus purpureus, var. californicus, Baird, Brewer, §• Ridgw. 



Hist. N. Amer. B. i. p. 465, pi. 21. figs. 10, 11 (1*74). 

 Carpodacus purpureus, (i. californicus, Belding, Pr. U. S. Nat, Mus. 



i. p. 413 (1879). 

 Carpodacus purpureus californicus, Ridgw. Pr. U. S. Nat, Mus. iii. 



p. 176 (1880); A. O. U. Check-list N. Amer. B. p. 250 (1886) ; 



Anthony, Auk, 1886, p. 168; Everm. t. c. p. 181. 



Adult male. General colour above vinous or pale crimson, the 

 leathers of the hack mottled with blackish centres, which are 

 narrowly margined with ashy ; lower back and rump rich rose- 

 colour; lesser wing-coverts like the hack; median and greater 

 coverts dusky brown, edged with vinous brown and tipped with 

 rose-colour, the greater series edged with whitish at the ends ; 

 bastard-wing dusky brown ; primary-coverts and quills dusky brown, 

 edged with reddish brown, more or less tinged with rosy, the secon- 

 daries whiter towards their ends ; upper tail-coverts ashy, rosy 

 towards the ends, which are fringed with ashy white ; tail-feathers 

 dusky brown, edged with rosy brown ; crown of head and hind neck 

 brighter than the back, bright crimson, the sides of the hinder crown 

 lighter crimson, but scarcely sufficient to mark an eyebrow; lores 

 and feathers round eye ashy ; ear-coverts, sides of face, cheeks, 



