450 FRINGILLID.E. 



Pyrrhula aurantia, Gould, B. Asia, v. pi. 34 (18-58) ; Adams, P. Z. S. 

 1858, p. 484; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 99, no. 7479 (1870) ; Hume, 

 Nests | Eggs Ind.'B. p. 470 (1873). 



Adult male. General colour above deep orange ; rump -white ; 

 wing-coverts black, edged with orange and subterminally ashy; 

 greater series glossy purplish black, the terminal half pale orange, 

 edged with ashy whitish ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills 

 black, edged with velvety black, the inner secondaries glossy 

 purplish black, the innermost with a streak of orange near the outer 

 web ; upper tail-coverts velvety black ; tail-feathers steel-black, 

 edged with velvety black ; crown of head like the back ; a broad 

 frontal band, as well as the lores, eyelid, fore part of cheeks, and 

 upper part of throat, black ; ear-coverts, sides of face, sides of neck, 

 and remainder of under surface of body deep orange ; lower flanks 

 and thighs ashy white ; under tail-coverts white, with a slight 

 reddish tinge ; axillaries and under wing-coverts white ; quills 

 dusky below, ashy along the edge of the inner web : " bill black ; 

 legs and feet ashy" (G. Henderson). Total length 5 inches, culmen 

 0-4, wing 3-2, tail 2*1, tarsus - 65. 



Immature males are yellow instead of orange, and every shade 

 between yellow and deep orange is exhibited by the series in the 

 Museum. 



Adult female. Different from the male. General colour above 

 brown, with an ochreous tinge ; rump white ; head and hind neck 

 slaty grey ; lesser and median wing-coverts ashy grey, with a tinge 

 of ochre-yellow ; greater coverts velvety black, the outer ones tipped 

 with yellowish white, the inner ones with their terminal halves 

 ochreous brown with a yellow tinge ; bastard-wing and primary- 

 coverts dusky blackish ; quills black, externally velvety black, the 

 innermost entirely blue-black ; upper tail- coverts velvety black ; 

 tail-feathers black, edged with blue-black ; forehead, lores, eyelid, 

 fore part of cheeks, and chin black, forming a mask which is sepa- 

 rated from the grey head by a narrow line of ashy whitish ; ear- 

 coverts and hinder cheeks ashy grey ; under surface of body warm 

 brown, becoming more ochreous on the abdomen and flanks, which 

 are also slightly tinged with yellow : lower abdomen and under 

 tail-coverts white ; thighs ashy ; under wing-coverts and axillaries 

 white ; quills blackish below, ashy along the edge of the inner web. 

 Total length 5 inches, culmen 0-35, wing 3-1, tail 1-95, tarsus 0*55. 



Hah. Cashmere. 



a. d ad. sk. Cashmere. J. Goidd, Esq. (Type 



of species.) 



&. S ad. sk. Baltal, June 20, 1870 (6?. Hen- Hume Coll. 



dersori). 



c, d. d ad. sk. Gilgit, June 1876 (J. Biddulph). Hume Coll. 



e. ? ad. sk. Gilgit, July 1876 (J. B.). Hume Coll. 



f q £ Q ad.sk. Sonamurg, Cashmere, July 16 Gould Coll. 



(J. B.). 



h. 3 ad. sk Cashmere, Sept. 1875. Hume Coll. 



i. $ ad. sk. Sind Valley, Cashmere. Hume Coll. 



k, I. J 2 ad. sk. Murree, May 1875. Hume Coll. 

 m. 6 ad. sk. N.W. Himalayas. 



