72 Feeding and Keeping Hardbills. 



It will at once be seen that evergreens should form the 

 paramount portion of the cover provided. The follov^ing are 

 all good — the local nurseryman would indicate which were best 

 suited for any given locality. 



Common Laurel (broad leaved). Willow 



Aucuba Hazel 



Portugal Laurel Elder 



Cypress (various) Roses 



Berberis Fruit trees (any kind) 



Firs Ash 



Euonymus Quick Thorn 



Holly Birch 



Privet (Green and Golden) Oak 



The frequent use of the pruning knife keeps growth 

 within bounds, and produces stubby forked nesting sites. 



Climbers. 

 Polygonum Ivy 



Wild Clematis Hops 



Rambler Roses Honeysuckle 



Everlasting Peas Virginian Creeper 



All these are good for training round interior standards, 

 framework, and front of shelter shed. 



Ground Herbage. 



Grasses in variety Mallow 



Canary seed Dandelion 



Dock Garden Marigold 



Willow herb Groundsel 



Food: This, of course, is an important item. It goes 

 without saying that all the usual items of the menu must be 

 kept up, but in the breeding season this alone is not sufficient, 

 for the simple reason that at this period there is scarcely a single 

 s\ ecies that, in a state of nature, does not largely rear its 

 progeny on insects — larvae, pupae, and imagos — the obvious 

 deduction, then, is the aviculturist who best meets this need is 

 the successful one, and experience has proved this to be the case. 

 But again, intelligence must be used; live food must be given 

 regularly and plentifully, and so distributed that birds will have 

 t^ forage for it as much as when in a state of nature — this is 

 easy with live food in the pupal stage, not quite so simple with the 



