STEUCTURi;. 7 



is frequently a central carina, and sometimes a row of teeth on 

 the upper surface. In the male the 9th ventral segment forms a 

 structure called the s^dx/enital lamina which is often bifid. There 

 are also two terminal appendages called cerci. In the female the last 

 segment bears two upper and t^vo lower lamellae, or valves, which 

 are often dentate, and differ considerably in size and shape. 



Fig. 9. —Genitalia oi Schisioccrca: (A) cJ, o, supra-anal lamina, h, subfenital 

 lamina, c, c, cerci; (B) 2, a, supra-anal lamina, h, lower lamella;, 

 c, c, cerci, d, d, upper lamella. 



[Characters of importance for purposes of classification are found 

 in the sterna. The prosternum may be simple or provided with a 



A 



Ficr. 10. 



-Meso- and meta-sternum of (A) Hieroffltj'phns and (B) Lcpiacris : 

 a, a, mesosternal lobes. 



strong spine or tubercle \^ hich varies much in form. The meso- 

 steruum and metasternum have on each side of the posterior 

 mai'gin, lobes, the shape and extent of which are of importance.] 



