Notice on the terms tegula, antitegulit etc. 287 



Loew, in his German letteri)ress, always uses the ordinary terms 

 Schuppen, or, niore often Schüppchen (scales), and it is very 

 Strange that in Latin he does not use the corresponding word squa- 

 mae. He has tegulae instead (niost probably by mere inadvertence). 

 The earliest appearance of this term I find in Stett. Ent. Z. 1844, 

 p. 326, footnote, where Loew says: „I call alula the lobe which 

 exists in most Diptera on the posterior niargin of the wings, near 

 the root, and not the covering-scales of the halteres (tegulae), nor 

 the stripe which generally runs frora the root of the wing to the 

 scutellnra, and which may be called frenulum." The same termi- 

 nology was adopted by Loew in the Monogr. N.-A. Dipt. I, p. XIV 

 (1862). Li editing that volunie I had, of course, no right to change 

 Loew's terminology, but I took the liberty, in the footnote of the 

 same page, to remark: „Some authors call them squamae. — 0. S." 

 If, at that tinie, I had bcen as well iiiformed on the merits of the 

 case as I am now, I would have probably protested against this 

 arbitrary change. As it was, I had to foUow suit, and have used 

 the term tegula ever since. But in my recent writings I feit the 

 want of a separate term for the anterior tegula, in cases when 

 the posterior one was rudimentary, that is, in the shape of a mere 

 connecting membrane (frenulum of Loew), and I called it 

 anti tegula. It would have been improper to call it anterior 

 tegula, because it has no poiser to cover, as the term tegula im- 

 plies covering. {Weinland, ßeitr. z. Kenntn. d. Baues des Dipteren- 

 Schwingers, Berlin 1800, p. 16, calls the antitegnla, Verbin- 

 dungs Schüppchen.) 



What Loew calls alula (Afterlappen Schin., Fauna, Vol. I, 

 p. XIV) is the part of the wing, separated from the anal angle 

 (Flügellappen Schin.) by the axillary incision (Reaumur IV, 

 p. 280, Tab. 19, fig. 11, describes the latter as: „une entaille; lä il 

 semble qu'une petite alle soit soudee a une grande"). The appli- 

 cation of the term alula in this sense is certainly more appropriate 

 to the object thus named, tlian its use in the sense of squama 

 (tegula Loew). I have not succeeded in ascertaining where Loew 

 found alula used in this sense. Schiner (1. c..^ does not give any 

 latin equivalent for his After läppen and Flügellappen. Kirby-) 

 and Stenhammar (Ephydr. 1844, p. 117) call this part of the wing 

 lobulus; Haliday (Brit. Hydrom. in Ann. N. H. III, June 1839, 



^) Schiner, Fauna I, p. XIV, footnote, insists on squama instead 

 of tegula. 



-) In my notes I find the term lobulus referred to Kirby, but I 

 cannot find the exact reference at present. 



