PICAEI^. 



I. Three or four toes are directed forwards (Anisodactyli and 



Famprodacti/U). 



A. Flexor digitorum perforans split into three 



branches leading to the second, third, and 

 fourth digits, but not to the first. 



1. Palate desmognathous. Flexor digitorum 



perforans and flexor hallucis entirely 

 separate Suborder UPUPiE (xvi. p. 3). 



2. Palate schizognathous. 



Suborder TROCHILI (xvi. p. 27). 



B. Flexor digitorum perforans split into 



branches, of which one leads to the first 

 digit, one to the second, and generally one 

 to the third and fourth. 

 1, Flexor digitorum perforans, and not flexor 

 hallucis longus, leading to hallux. 

 a. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the 

 neck, and 

 a. forked on the upper back. 



Suborder CORACI^ (xvi. p. 434). 

 /3. single between the shoulders. 



Suborder HALCYONES (xvii. p. 93). 

 h. Spinal feather-tract not defined on the 



neck Suborder BUCEROTES (xvii. p. 347). 



II. The first and second toes are turned backwards, the two 



others forwards (HeterodactifU). 

 A. Flexor digitorum perforans split into two 

 branches leading to the two front toes. 

 Flexor longus hallucis split into two 

 branches leading to the two hind toes. 

 Spinal feather-tract well defined from nape 

 to oil-gland, and not forked. 



Suborder TROGONES (xvii. p. 429). 



III. The first and fourth toes are turned backwards, the two 

 others forwards {Zygodactyli). 



A. Flexor digitorum perforans not split, lead- 



ing to third digit only. Flexor longus 

 hallucis first sending a tendon to the 

 other plantar, then a second to the fourth 

 digit, after which (if the hallux is present) 

 it splits into two tendons, one leading to 

 the hallux, the other to second digit. Am- 

 biens absent Suborder SCANSORES (xviii. p. 1). 



B. Hallux always present and connected with 



the flexor longus hallucis, and not with 

 the flexor digitorum perforans, which leads 

 to the second, third, and fourth digits. 

 Palate desmognathous. 



Suborder COCCYGES (xix, p. 209). 



