1. TJPTJPA. 11 



occipital feathers are without any white or whitish edgiiig^to the 

 terminal black spots ; the general colour of the back, ueck, lesser 

 wing-coverts, and breast darker rufous, this colour extending 

 further over the upper abdomen. 



Female and young similar to the adult. 



This bird is not quite definitely distinct from U. epops in 

 many districts where the ranges of the two overlap, and in such 

 places intermediate individuals occur in some numbers. These 

 transitional forms spread over Central India, and thence southwards 

 to Ceylon, tlie typical bird occurring in the districts bordered by the 

 western shores of the Bay of Bengal. 



In Burma and Teuasserim this Hoopoe occurs in its most marked 

 form, and, moreover, the bill is in many instances longer tlian 

 in birds from Continental India. This long-biUcd bird was sepa- 

 rated by Jerdon as U. lonr/irosfris, but the character is not suffi- 

 ciently stable to be used to define the Burmese bird with certainty, 

 and this seems to be the opinion of most recent writers on the 

 subject. 



Of the two names given by Reichenbach to the Indian Hoopoes, 

 U. indka is undoubtedly referable to the bird without any white 

 edging to the terminal spots of the long crest-feathers, and, being the 

 oldest (1853), must be used. U. ceyhnensis applies to the intermediate 

 form which occurs in Ceylon and many parts of Central India. 

 Gould's title U. nigripennis, first defined in 1862 by Jerdon in his 

 ' Birds of India,' may therefore be dropped out of use. 



Hah. Peninsular India and Ceylon, and the Indo-Burmcse region, 

 thence eastwards to Hainan. 



a, b, c. Ad. sk. India. Gould Coll. 



(Types of U. nir/ripe>rnis, Gould.) 



d. Ad. sk. Kameswareu Island, March 17 Hume Coll. 



(A. O.H.). 



('jfi!/- 6 fid.; //, Uotocamund, Nilgliiris, Jan. to Hume Cull. 



i,j. $ ad. sk. April {W. Dacison). 



k, I. S ad. ; m. Mysore, December. W. Davison, Esq. 



$ ad. sk. [P.]. 



?i. Ad. sk. Mysore (J^. i>«2/). India Museum. 



0. Ad. sk. Madras. Gould Coll. 



p. (S ad.sk. N.E. of Ahmeduuggur, Sept. 27 Twecddalu Coll. 



{S. B. Fairbank). 



q, r. Ad. sk. Deccan (Si/kes). India Museum, 



s. c? ad. sk. f>-Amhhm;Aug.U{It. M.Adam). Hume Coll. 



t. cJ ad. sk. Etawab, Oct. Hume Coll. 



u. Ad. sk, Dehra Doon. Tweeddale Coll. 



V. 9 ad. sk. N. Kbasia Hills, Jau. {A. W. Tweeddale Coll. 



Chennell). 



IV. Ad. sk. Cachar. Hume Coll. 



.f, y. c? 2 ad. sk. Elephant Point, Dec. 6 (/. Hume Coll. 



Armstrouji) . 



z. (S ad. sk. Vaytho, British Eurmab, June Tweeddale Coll. 



10(7?. G. Wardlaw Ramsay). 



