14 



5. Upupa africana. 



Upupa africana, Bechst. Euvze Uebers. iv. p. 172 (1811) ; lemm. 



Man. cTOni. i. p. 416 (1820) ; Licht. Verz. Doiihl. p. IG (1823) ; 



Finsch Sf mirtl. Voq. Osfafr. p. 200 (1870) ; SJiarpc m Dresser's 



B. Eur. \. p. 182 (1871) ; id. ed. Layard's B. 8. Afr. pp. 134, 808 



(1875-84) : Barratf, Ibis, 187G, p. 198 ; Bocac/e, Ont. Anqola, 



p. 124 (1877-81); Ayres, Ibis, 1879, p. 294; 'Sharpe in Gates' 



Matabele-Land, App. p. 304 (1881) ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 570 ; 



id. Ibis, 1882, p. 245 ; Butler, Feilden, ^- lieid, Zool. 1882, p. 207 ; 



Schalou; J. f. 0. 1886, p. 426; Symomh, Ibis, 1887, p. 328; 



Biittik. Notes Leyd. Mus. p. 195 (1889) ; Soiiza, Jorn. Lish. (2) i. 



p. 114 (1889). 

 Upupa minor, Shaio, Gen. Zool. viii.p. 139 (1812) ; Wagler, Syst.Av., 



Upupa, sp. 2 (1827) ; Less. Traitc, p. 323 (1831); Jerd. ^- Selby, 

 III. Orn. text to pi. 142 (1839) : Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 90 (1847) ; 



Bp. Consp. i. p. 88 (1850) ; Grill, Zool. Antech}.^-^. 11, 40 (1858) ; 



Cab. ^- Heine, Mus. Hein. Th. ii. p. 128 (^1860) ; Kirk, Ibi^, 1864, 



p. 324 (Zambesi) ; Gurney, Ibis, 1865, p. 265 (Natal) ; Layard, 



Ibis, 1868, p. 243 (Swellenclam) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 103, 



no. 1252 (1869); Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 365 (Bamangwato) ; 



Sliellci/, Ibis, 1875, p. 69 (Durban) ; Sharpe ^- Bouvier, Bull. Soc. 



Zool. France, i. p. 41 (1876, Landana) : Cab. J. f. O. 1878, p. 234 



(Teita). 

 ? Le Promerops Marcbeur Largup, male, Levaill. Hi^t. Xat. 



Promerops etc., iii. p. 56, pi. 23 (1807) 

 La Huppo cl'-\frique, VieiU. N. Diet. (THist. Nat. xv. p. 4 (1817) ; 



id. i5)' Audeb. Ois. Dor. pi. ii. Promerops, p. 11 (1802). 

 Upupa cristatella, VieiU. Gal. Ois. i. p. 306, pi. 184 (1825). 

 Upupa capensis, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 115 (1837); Jard. 8f 



Selby, III. Orn. pi. 142 (1839) ; Beichenb. Sandb. Scansares, p. 319, 



pi. dxcv. fig. 4035 (1853). 

 Upupa decorata, Hartl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 86 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. 



p. 103, no. 1255 (1869) ; Fischer, J. f. O. 1885, p. 127 (Ngurumau, 



&c.) ; Schalou; J. f. 0. 1887, p. 236 (Mpava) ; Beichcn. J. f. O. 



1889, p. 276 (Usegua). 



Advlt male. Similar to that of U. epops, but the rufous colour 

 much darker, the apical black spots of the crest-feathers without 

 any trace of -white margin, no longitudinal dark streaks on the ab- 

 domen, the primaries -nhoUy black, the basal two-thirds of the 

 secondaries white, the terminal third black with a white transverse 

 baud ; the white transverse band of the tail is much nearer the base 

 than in TJ. epops. 



Adult femcde. Similar to the male, but with the abdomen streaked 

 as in U. epops, and with a black transverse band across the middle 

 of the white basal two-thirds of the secondaries. 



Hah. Southern Africa as far north as the Congo District on the 

 west, and the Zanzibar District on the east. 



a. Ad. sk. Cape Colony. F. Campbell, Esq. 



[P.]. 

 h. Ad. sk. Cape Colony. Earl of Derby [P.]. 



c. Juv. sk. South Afiica. Shelley Coll. 



