442 



rrPSTILTD.^R. 



of the various forms arc better understood. I consider this to be one 

 of those cases thc^ rcciuircments of whioli nre best met by dividing; 

 a variable form into subspecies. 



:3. Micropus apus. 



Hirundo apus, I.imi. Si/st. Nat. ed. x. p. 192 (1758) ; id. ed. xii. 

 p. 344 (17(i(i) ; G»i. S)/st. Nat. ii. p. 1020 (1788); Berhst. Gem. 

 Nuttirc/esch. Dciit^^chl. iv. p. 779 (1795) ; Bechst. Orn, Taschenb. 

 p. 225 (1802) ; Ball. Zuoyi: Bosso-A.^int. i. p. 538 (1811). 



Le Martinet, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 512 (17G0). 



S%Yift, Lath. Gen. Si/n. iv. p. 584 (1783), 



Le Martinet noir, Mont. Hist. Nat. Ois. vii. p. 302 (1783). 



Micropus murarius, Met/, u. Wolf, Tase/ienh. p. 281 (1810). 



Cypselus apus, ///. Brodr. p. 230 (1811) ; Vieill. Noiw. Diet. xix. 

 p. 424 (1818) ; id. Enc. Meth. p. 533 (1823); Boii.v, Orn. Brov. 

 p. 237 (1825); Brehm, Viig. Deutschl. p. 135 (1831) ; Nanm.rdr/. 

 Beutschl. vi. p. 123, pi. 147. fig-. 2 (1833) ; Keys. u. Bias. Wirhelih. 

 Eur. p. .33 (1840) ; Demidof, Voij. Buss. Merid. p. 203 (1840) ; 

 Muhle, Orn. Griech. p. 28 (1844) ; Tho77ips. Nat. Hist. Ireland, 

 p. 408 (1849) ; WoUey, Contr. Orn. p. 109 (1850) (Faeroer) ; Bp. 

 ConsiJ. i. p. 65 (1850) ; Adams, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 175 (Cashmere) ; 

 Cab. ^ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 84 (1860) ; Botvys, Ibis, 1860, 

 p. 2.34 (Ionian Is.): Adams, Ibis, ]864, p. 14 (Egypt); Wrighf, 

 Ibis, 1864, p. 58, 1874, p. 227 (Malta) ; Sperlinq, Ibis, 1864, p. 283 

 (Mediterran.) ; Tristr. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 431 ; id. Ibi^, 1866, p. 79 

 (Palest.); Scl. B. Z. S. 1865, p. 598; id. J.f. O. 1867, p. 117 ; 

 Degl. et Gerbe, Orn. Eta: i. p. 601 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 63, 

 no. 717 (1869) ; Borr/c/reve, Voqelf. Norddeutschl. p. 65 (1839) ; 

 Hevyl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 142, part. (1869); Ehves ^ Buckley, 

 lids, 1870, p. 200 (Tarkev) ; B. Gray, B. West Scotl. pp. 210, 513 

 (1871) ; Shelley, Ibis, ISfl, p. 47 (note) ; J. H. Gurney, jr., Ibis, 

 1871, p. 73 (Alfreria) ; Shelley S,- Buckley, Ibis, 1872, pp. 286, 290 

 (Gold Coast); Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 172, note! (1872); Alst. ^'• 

 Broicn, Ibis, 1873, p. 59 (Archangel) ; Goidd, B. Great Britain, 

 ii. pi. 3 (1873) ; Brooke, Ibis, 1873, p. 237 (Sardinia) ; Dui-nf. Ibis, 

 1874, p. 395 (Denmark) ; Goebel, J. f. 0. 1874, p. 449 (Crimea) ; 

 Irhy, B. Gibraltar, p. 63 (1875) ; Sharpe, ed. Luyardh B. S. Afr. 

 p. 90, part. (1875), & App. p. 804; Wharton, Ibis, 1876, p. 18 

 (Corsica) ; Danf. Ibis, 1878, p. 8 (Asia Minor) ; Ayres, Ibis, 1878, 

 p. 407 (Transvaal); id. Ibis. 1880, p. 260; Liebe, J. f. 0.1878, 

 p. 51 ; Milne-Edw. S,- Grandid. Madaqasc. p. 189 (1879) ; Seeb. 

 Ibis, 1880, p. 193 (Siberia) ; id. Ibis, 1882, p. 210 (Astrakhan) ; 

 Dresser, Hist. B. Eur. iv. p. 583, pi. 266 (1881) ; Newt. ed. 

 Yarr. Brit. B. ii. p. 364 (1882) ; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 370 

 (1882) ; Seeb. Ibis, 1882, p. 374 (Archangel) ; id. Hist. Brit. B. ii. 

 p. 292 (1884) ; Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 27 (Corsica) ; Shai-pe, 

 Ibis, 1886, p. 498 (Bushire) ; Czafo, Zeifschr. c/es. Orn. 1886, 

 p. 424 (Huno-aria) ; Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 302 (Portugal) ; Lilford, 

 Col. Fiy. Brit. B. pt. v. (1887) ; Salrad. Ucc. Ital.-p. 81 (1887); 

 Guill. His, 1888, p. Ill (Cyprus) ; Giyl. Avif. Ital. p. 322 (1889); 

 Saunders, Man. Brit. B. p. 255 (1889) ; Hartwic/, J.f. O. 1889, 

 p. 138 (Norway) ; Lilford, His, 1889, p. 330 (Cyprus) ; Dresser, 

 Ibis, 1890, p. 344 ; Shellei/, Ibis, 1890, p. 168 (Aruwimi E.) ; 

 Gdtkc, Helgoland, p. 440 (1891). 



Brachypus mm-arius, Mey. Vog. Liv- u. Esthl. p. 143 (1815). 



