34 



(b) The stalk contains thick spindles, clubs, ovals, irregular three- and four- 

 rayed forms, irregular three- and four-sided forms with sides slightly concave. 

 All these are covered by prominent very rough warts more or less regularly 

 arranged ; the spindles are often much bent and sometimes show short branch- 

 ings. Spindles measure up to 12 mm. x 030 mm.; three-sided forms, 0'42 

 mm. X 0'36 mm. ; four-rayed, 054 mm. x 030 ; clubs, up to 0'54 mm. x 0"24 mm. ; 

 these often show a ridge of very prominent fused spines or warts on one edge. 

 In addition to these there are a number of similar forms with few, and on the 

 whole, sinn)ler warts. 



Canal-wall si)icules : {a) The stem contains long slender spindles with 

 regularly arranged blunt spines. They measure up to 2"4 mm. in length, and 

 from 015 to 039 mm. in thickness. 



(f)) Those of the stalk include large, thick spindles, usually curved ; three- 

 and four-rayed forms with long, thick rays ; three- and four-rayed forms with 

 a short ray rising at an angle to the plane of the other two or three ; tripod 

 forms with a fourth ray at right angles to the other three ; and small oval to 

 globular forms. All these are thickly covered with prominent very rough 

 warts which are usually branched. There is also a smoother series, with fewer 

 and simpler warts, which vary from spindles to four-rayed forms. Spindles 

 measure up to 2"2 mm. x 0"42 mm. ; three-rayed forms up to 17 mm. x 1-2 mm. ; 

 four-rayed forms up to TS mm. x 1-3 mm. The rays of the three- and four- 

 rayed forms are wider at the ends and may have a thickness of 042 mm. 



Colour — Stalk dirty white ; stem and branches greyish-white ; twigs 

 reddisli-])ink ; polyp-stalks, varying from reddish-pink in lower part to yellow 

 in upper part of the polyparium ; polyps yellow. 



Locality ; Andamans. 



Dendronephthya costatorubra, Henderson. 



The colony is distinctly divaricate in ty]»e and is evidently a young 

 specimen, measuring 30 mm. in height and 23 mm. in maximum breadth. 



The stalk or trunk is slender and by no means rigid ; it measures 13 mm., 

 about half of the total height of the colony, and is characterised by its white 

 semi-transparent ap) )earance. 



The polyparium is small, much flattened, and of no regular outline. It is 

 formed of a mimber of branches which rise at an angle of about 45" to the 

 main stem. Below these arise three flattened leaf-like branches or folds, which 

 form a collar round the u]iper part of the stalk, leaving only three small open 

 spaces two of which are opposite each other ; directly below these two, two 

 smaller branches arise, which have a cylindrical stem and a flattened upper 

 ]iortion, somewhat umbrella-sha])etl with the concave surface uppermost. 



