120 



from 0"4!-« to 16 mm. long, with simple prominent thorns which tend to become 

 compound. The clubs may reach a length of 0"9 mm. but are usually smaller ; 

 they are furnished at the thick end with prominent spines. The three- and 

 four-rayed forms are very irregular and much rougher in appearance than the 

 spindles and clubs. 



(f)) In the stalk there are smaller spindles than in the stem, very irregular 

 forms which approach stars, incomplete three- and four-rayed and globular 

 forms, all of which are furnished with huge branched or compound spines. 



Canal- wall spicules : (a) The stem has thick spindles and clubs, measuring 

 from 0-42 to 1'2 mm. in length, and from 0'06 to 0-24 mm. in breadth. They 

 have prominent spines. 



{f>) The stalk has short, thick spindles, spindles with very blunt ends or 

 rod-shaped forms, irregular three- and four-rayed foinis, and spicules which 

 consist of a large, blunt, rounded body giving off one arm which soon divides 

 into two parts. The rayed forms have very thick, blunt, short rays. All 

 the forms are thickly covered with projections which vary from prominent 

 simple spines to branched spines and prominent rough warts. The spindles 

 are from 03 to 1-4 mm. long, and from 0-09 to 0-3 mm. broad. Some of the 

 three-rayed forms have a length of 09 mm. 



Colour — Stalk, stem and branches are whitish to yellowish, with here and 

 there a bluish tinge ; the lower flattened branches are pale lilac ; the polyp- 

 heads pinkish-red ; the tentacles yellowish-white. 



Locality : Off Ganjam Coast, 28 to 30 fathoms. 



Dendronephthya, sp. (?) 



From the Andamans there is a small specimen — a portion of a colony. It 

 consists of a number of small branches arising from a common part. 



The polyps are arranged in small groups of eight to ten, and adjacent groups 

 are in such close contact as to give the appearance of a much larger group. 

 They measure on an average 0'65 nmi. in height and 0-6 mm. in breadth, and 

 are placed at an obtuse angle on long stalks about 2 mm. in length. The polyp- 

 spicules are arranged in eight doulile rows of six to seven pairs of converging 

 spicules ; the uppermost pair may project a little. They average about 0-24 mm. 

 in length. 



The Stutzbiindel is very well developed, two or three spicules projecting 

 beyond each polyp-head, giving the colony a very thorny appearance. These 

 spicules may project for a distance of about 0-9 mm. and may reach a length 

 of 3 6 mm. 



Cortical spicules : The spicules are simple spindles, either curved or straight, 

 and sparsely covered by regularly arranged simple spines. They measure up 



