144 



with the spicules arranged longitudinally. The polyps are borne in several 

 rows along the margin ; the verrucae are cylindrical and distinct ; the antho- 

 codife have a dense armature — a " crown," consistinuj of seven to ten rows of 

 curved spindles, and " points," each composed of a single pair of spindles with 

 occasionally one or two smaller ones between ; the tentacles bear numerous 

 small scales arranged " en chevron " on the aboral surface. 



The spicules of (a) the trunk and polyparium are transparent spindles with 



numerous multi-tuberculate warts. 

 Those of {/)) the anthocodi?e are spiny spindles, straight or 



curved, and clubs. 

 Those of (r) the tentacles are scales. 

 The following are typical measurements of length and breadth in milli- 

 metres : — 



(a) 2-2 X 0-55 ; 0-75 x 0-3 

 (f)) 0-95 X 0-18 ; 0-85 x O'l. 

 {<■) 0-07 X 0-035. 



C. expansa, Simpson. 



The trunk is cylindrical, the polyparium flattened ; both are stiff and rigid, 

 with a densely spiculose coenenchyma, very opaque in appearance. The spicules 

 of the coenenchyma lie in all directions. The polyps arise from the margin of 

 the colony ; the verruca^ are not very conspicuous ; the anthocodite are densely 

 covered with spicules having a " crown and points " ari-angement ; the crown 

 consists of about eight rows ; the points consist of six to eight pairs " en 

 chevron," and increasing in size towards the apex. There are numerous small 

 scale-like spicules on the aboral surface of the tentacles. 



The spicules are opaque and yellowish : — 



Those of (a) the trunk and polyparium are multi-tuberculate spindles. 



Those of (h) the anthocodiie are spiny spindles or clubs. 



Those on (c) the tentacles are pale yellow transjjarent scales. 



The following are average measurements of spicules length by breadth in 

 millimetres : — 



(a) 1-5 X 0-3; ll x 0-2. 

 (A) 0-8 X 0-1. 

 (c) 0-04 X 0015. 



C. alciformis, Simpson. 



The trunk and polyparium are sinuous, much contorted, autler-like, stiff, 

 rigid and translucent ; the coenenchyma is densely spiculose, and the spicules 

 are disposed in all directions and interlock. The polyps occur on the margins 



