302 

 Family Veretillidje. 



■ Sub-family Cavernularinae. 



Oavernularia elegans, Herklots. 



,, ohesa, Valenciennes. 



,, lutkenii, Kolliker. 



„ orientalis, n. sp. 



,, andamanensis , n. sp. 



Parabelemnon indicum, n. gen. et sp. 



Sub-family Lituarinae. 



Lituaria phalloides, [Pallas]. 



„ hicksoni, n. sp. 

 Policella australis, Gray. 



GENUS CAVERNULARIA, Valenciennes. 



This genus is distiuguished from Stiilohelemnon, Kolliker, by the absence of 

 spicules in the polyps. Kolliker recognised four species and other two have 

 since been added. Neither of these, however, seems to us to be distinct. C. 

 madeirensis, Studer, differs from C. ohesa, Val., only in the size and small number 

 of the polyps, but the study of a large numl)er of specimens from different 

 localities has convinced us of the great variability of the latter species both in 

 these and other characters, so that we would suggest the abolition of C. 

 madeire?ms as a type distinct from C. obesa. Again, C. habereri, Morott" is dis- 

 tinguished from C. lutkenii, Kiilliker, (1) by the presence of a rudimentary stalk ; 

 (2) by its furrowed appearance ; and (3) by the grouping of zooids in rows. In 

 this collection are a number of specimens which we have no hesitation in placing 

 in C. lUtJcenu, and which show all stages of transition as to these three characters ; 

 in fact we are inclined to the belief that at any rate the last two differences are 

 the result of contraction during death. For these and other reasons we regard 

 C. habereri as a form of the variable species C. lutkenii. 



To the genus we have added two new species which are quite different 

 from those already described, especially with regard to spiculation. Their i)lace 

 in classification will be seen in the following table : — 



(A) Without axis: — 



(«) Stalk without needles in the interior . C. elegmis, Herklots. 

 {b) Stalk with needles in the interior . . C. ohesa, Val.^ 



(B) With axis :— 



{a) Axis very short, lying at end of stalk or 



absent . ... . . C. glans, Val. 



^ Includiug G. madeirensis, Studer. 



