58 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 



from the shales, presents the appearance of liaving been 

 pushed over the sandstones, anguhir blocks of which are 

 scattered through it. A little further along, a large irregular 

 fracture in the sandstone occurs, being seven or eight feet 

 deep. This is litei-ally stuffed with stones and boulders 

 of the various kinds met with in the glacial conglomerate. 

 Many of these show flattened and striated surfaces. A 

 granite boulder, over a yard in dian)etei-, is jammed into the 

 bottom of this fracture, wjiile. broken and angular fragments 

 of the sandstone are also scattered through it, the whole 

 being imbedded in a loamy clay-like material, which seems to 

 have been squeezed into the fracture (Fig. S). At several 

 other sections exposed in this quarry, similar appearances can 

 be noted. The sandstone has been fractured, and the glacial 

 materia] literally injected into the ci'acks and fissures. 

 Several striated stones were picked out from one of these 

 fissures. 



It will be seen that, as in the case of the Myrniong Creek, 

 the glacial deposit lies in an ancient valley of denudation. 

 It was probably overflowed by Pliocene basalt, which would 

 thus be the means of protecting the underlying formations 

 during a considerable period. We could not find any more 

 traces of the glacial material between this place and the 

 Werribee. 



This concludes the evidence we have so far collected, and 

 it all points irresistibly to the conclusion, that glacier-ice 

 has been the agent b}^ which the effects described have been 

 accomplished. No iceberg theory will account for the facts 

 presented at the quairy. How will such a theory account for 

 the fracLin-ing of the underlying rocks, and the ramming of the 

 fractures with laige erratic boiddersand the material in which 

 these boulders ai-e imbedded ? On the' other hand, these are 

 facts which are readily explained on the glacier hypothesis. 

 In the Northern Hemisphere shattered surfaces are frequently 

 met with below till. In his "Great Ice Age," p. 1(5, Prof 

 James Geikie says : — " Soft sandstones and highly jointed 

 rocks . . . often show a broken and shattered surface 

 below till ; sometimes, indeed, thick sandstones appear 

 'broken up' to a depth of many feet below boulder-clay, 

 the ccmi-se angular debris shading gi-adually into till of the 

 normal type." This corresponds exactly with the features 

 presented at the quarry, where the sandstones are soft and 

 easily disiiitegrated. Cases in Scotland and elsewhere in 

 the Northern Hemisphere are not uncommon, where the 



