12 



FISniNG-GROUNDS OF NORTH AMERICA. 



level. This is aiii^roxiinately true only with regard to the balance of a mass of the berg, not with 

 regard to height and dei)th. A berg may show an elevation of one hundred feet above water and 

 yet its depth below may not exceed double that amount ; but its volume or mass will be about 

 eight times the mass over the surface. Hence, while icebergs ground in thirty and forty fathoms 

 of water they may expose a front of one hundred feet or three hundred and fifty feet, the broad 

 massive base supporting a mass about one-ninth of its volume above the sea level." 

 As to the movements of cod, Professor Hind frames the following, table : 



Table shoicing the approximate mean date of arrival of cod, mean date of departure, a7id mean length 

 of the fishing season for cod in Northeastern Neicfoundland, Southern and Northern Labrador , 



NEWFOUNDLAND. 



[Over 4 degrees of latitude. Mean length of fisbiug season, 143<laya.] 



Lati- 

 tude. 



47 30 



48 20 



48 30 



50 00 



49 30 



51 00 

 61 30 



54 30 

 54 54 



Locality. 



Conception Bay 



Bouavista Bay 



Notre Datne Bay 



Cape Saint John to Partridge Point 



White Bay 



Cape Ronge Harbor 



Cape Bauld to Cape Onion 



Mean date 

 of arrival. 



June 1 

 June 10 

 June 20 

 June 20 

 June 10 

 June 10 

 June 20 



Mean date 



of close of 



fishery. 



Nov. 20 

 Nov. 10 

 Nov. 10 

 Nov. 1 

 Nov. 1 

 Nov. 1 

 Oct. 20 



SOtTTHEEN LABRADOR (ATLANTIC COAST). 

 [Over 3 degrees of latitude. Mean length of fishing season, 87 days.] 



Chateau Bay . 



Batteaux 



Indian Harbor 

 Cape Harrison 



June 20 

 July 12 

 July 15 

 July 18 



Oct 1 



Oct. 1 



Oct 1 



Oct 1 



NOKTHEEN LABRABOE. 

 [Over 3^ degrees of latitude. Mean length of fishing season, 52 days. J 



Aillik 



Kypokok 



Hopedale 



Double Island Harbor 



Wkkasiksalik 



Nain 



Okak 



Hebron 



Lampsou 



July 20 

 July 20 

 July 20 

 July 22 

 July 28 

 July 28 

 July 28 

 Aug. 15 

 Aug. 15 



Oct. 



Oct 



Oct. 



Oct 



Oct. 



Oct 



Oct. 



Sept 25 



Sept 25 



From this table the following hiw is deduced : 



"Over an area extending northerly from Conception Bay for seven hundred miles the cod 

 'approach the shore about one week later for everj' degree of latitude we advance to the north. 

 These tables show also that for a period of about forty days the codfishing goes on simultane- 

 ously during August and September, throughout the length of a coast line extending from lati- 

 tude 47° to latitude 58° 30' in one continuous line, or more than seven hundred statute miles; 

 hence it appears that the migrations of the shoals of this fish are merely from deep-water winter 

 fishing-grounds to the nearest coast spawning-grounds, and from the coast to the nearest deep- 



