1924 ] NAKAI. ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 9 



Eleutherococcus Maxim. 



Eleutherococcus Maximowicz in M6m. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. 

 P&ersb. ix. 132 (Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859), sensu ampl— Bentham & 



Hooker, Gen. PI. I. 941 (1867).— Seemann in Jour. Bot. vi. 161 (1867). 



K. Koch, Dendr. I. 676 (1869). 



Acanthopanax Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 238 (1867), pro parte.— Dippe, 

 Handb. Laubholzk. in. 235 (1893), pro parte.— Harms in Engler & PrantJ, 

 Nat. Pflanzenfam. III. abt. 8, 49 (1897), pro parte.— Schneider, 111. Handb. 



ii. 424 (1909), pro parte. . 



Acanthopanax Sect. Eleutherococcus Harms in Engler & PrantI, ]\at . Pflan- 

 zenfam. hi. abt. 8, 49 (1897); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvu. 7 (1918). 

 Acanthopanax Sect. Euacanthopanax Harms 1. c. (1897), pro parte; 1. c. 18 

 (1918), excl. D. E. 

 Frutex aculeatus ramosus. Folia digitatim 3-5 foliolata. Umbellae 

 solitariae vel umbellatae; flores cum pedicello inarticulati; calyx obsolete 

 5-dentatus; petala 5 aestivatione valvata; stamina 5; styli 5 (3-4) toto 

 connati vel apice liberi; stigmata 5 (3-4) ; discus elevatus; drupa 5-pyrena; 

 pyrenae compressae non sulcatae; albumen aequabile. 



Species 13 in Japonia, Korea, Manshuria, Amur, China et Himalaya 



indigene. 



The cohesion of the styles varies specifically but it is of no value in the 

 classification of sections. The characters distinguishing Eleutherococcus 

 from Acanthopanax are neither the cohesiveness of styles nor the presence 

 of articulation in the flowers. No species of Acanthopanax or Eleuthero- 

 coccus has real articulation at the base of the calyx. The seeming arti- 

 culation appears in the dried specimens by the contraction of tissues at 

 the base of the calyx. That portion of calyx differs in texture from the 



apices of the pedicels. The apices of pedicels have hard vascular bundles 



and do not shrink as much when dried as does the base of the calyx which 



ts of soft parenchyma. This non-uniform shrinking causes a false 

 articulation. Nearly all of the species belonging to genera other than the 

 Aralia group have with few exceptions inarticulated flowers. Eleuthero- 

 coccus differs from Acanthopanax by the number of styles and number of 

 cells in the ovary as well as in the shape of pyrenae. In Acanthopanax 

 the number of styles and the cells of ovary is 2, rarely 3. The number 

 of styles and cells of ovary in Eleutherococcus is 5, sometimes 3 to 6. 

 The pyrenae of Acanthopanax are flat or slightly roundish on their ventral 

 side, but those of Eleutherococcus are acute or acutish. I therefore re- 

 move all the species of Acanthopanax having 5-celled ovaries and place 

 them under Eleutherococcus. These are E. pentaphylhim , E. Giraldii, 

 E. Rehderianum, E. cissifolium, E. stenopkyllum and E. Wilsonii. 



Eleutherococcus senticosus Maximowicz in M£m. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. 

 St. P^tersb. ix. 132 (Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859).— Regel in Gartenfl. xn. 

 84, t. 393 (1863).— Seemann in Jour. Bot. vi. 162 (1868).— Fr. Schmidt 

 in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Pelersb. ser. 7, xn. no. n. 47, 179 (Fl. Amguno- 

 burej.); 1. c. 140, no. 198 (Fl. Sachal.) (1868).— Lauche, Deutsch. Dendr. 



