20 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vol. iv. 



BETULACEAE 



Carpinus caroliniana Walt. Frequent in low woods and along margins 



of swamps. 



Ostrija virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch. A common small tree of upland 



woods. 



Betula nigra Marsh. Frequent on banks of streams and margins of 



bogs and lakes. 



Alnus rugosa (DuRoi) K. Koch. Common in sandy bogs and along 

 small streams in the sandy area. 



FAGACEAE 



Castanea alnifolia Nutt. Occasionally found in sandy woods and along 

 bluffs and hillsides in the sand hills section. 



Quercus alba L. A common Oak, of which many fine specimens occur 



in upland woods. 



Quercus alba var. latiloba Sarg. Trees with leaves having broad shallow 



lobes are sometimes found growing with the typical form. Extreme 

 specimens look distinct but there is a complete gradation between them. 



Quercus Durandii Buckley. This species is also popularly known as 

 White Oak, and in bark and wood resembles Quercus alba, but in its small 

 irregularly lobed glossy leaves and its extremely small fruit with cups 

 reduced almost to disks, it is very distinct and striking. In eastern 

 Texas, where it is widely distributed but nowhere very common, it grows 

 usually in the better drained portions of low bottoms. Some very fine 

 specimens are found in similar locations near Fulton, but it is even more 

 common on gravelly ridges in the sand hills section. This is apparently 

 the northern limit of its range west of the Mississippi. 



Quercus stellata Wang. Rather common in upland woods throughout, 

 but most abundant on dry gravelly ridges. 



Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Not rare and growing to a large size in 



low woods. 



Quercus lyrata Walt. A common species of low and swampy woods, 

 growing in wetter situations than any other Oak except Quercus nigra. 



Quercus Muhlenbergii Engelm. On bluffs and hillsides in the uplands, 

 but nowhere common. 



Quercus phellos L. The Willow Oak is one of the commonest species in 

 low woods, and it is often also abundant in flat poorly drained uplands. 

 Fine large specimens are frequent. 



Quercus nigra L. A common species of the low bottoms. 



Quercus marilandica Muench. Sometimes frequent in upland woods; 

 most abundant on gravelly ridges and eroded hillsides. 



Quercus arkansana Sarg. Confined to the sand hills sections where it is 

 locally frequent on the banks of small streams and on slopes and ridges. 



Quercus rubra L. This species, the Spanish Oak of the books and the 

 Quercus falcata Michx., is commonly called Red Oak in the South. It is 

 one of the commonest species in the Fulton region, being found both in 



