68 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM (vol. iv 



I 



of this tree on common lands are a source of revenue. At Knysna extensive 



plantings of Cluster Pine have been made that give every promise of 



complete success. This Pine has proved its usefulness and adaptability 



in various parts of South Africa and there is good reason to believe that 



it will succeed in other parts of the coastal regions where the heat is not 



excessive and where the rainfall is a winter or an all the year round one. 



In the southwest of Western Australia the Cluster Pine has been sparingly 



planted and it appears that on sandy soil to be superior to Insignis 



Pine though at first it grows more slowly. In many places in southeastern 



Australia and New Zealand I saw good trees of Pinaster but nothing to 



indicate that it is likely to become an important source of timber in these 



countries. In South Africa the timber of Cluster Pine is useful for flooring, 



rafters, joists and in general carpentry and when treated with creosote it 



makes good railway ties. It is too resinous for fruit-boxes but is excellent 

 for packing cases. 



The Stone or Table Pine (P. Pinea L.) was long ago introduced into 



the Cape where it flourishes and there today may be seen splendid aven 



and groves and magnificient specimen trees of this remarkable Pine. 



It is a feature of the landscape in and round Cape Town, where it has 



become naturalized. At Port Elizabeth, too, it is also a success. In 



Australia the Stone Pine has been planted as an ornamental tree in many 



places but with indifferent results. At Adelaide and elsewhere I saw 



fair specimen trees but an avenue of this tree in the town of Parramatta 



in New South Wales was a deplorable sight. Round Perth in Western 



Australia it is a failure. At Hobart in Tasmania there are a few good 



trees and I saw others in various places in New Zealand but except at 



Cape Town and Port Elizabeth in South Africa there is nothing to indicate 



that this tree will be of importance in austral lands. The same is probably 



true of the Aleppo Pine (P. halcpensis Mill.) which has been planted in 



association with Cluster Pine in South Africa and to a greater extent in 



Australasia. At Adelaide in particular there are large specimens of this 



Pine over 80 feet tall. In many places in Australasia it grows faster and 



attains larger dimensions than it does in its Mediterranean home but the 



crown is scrawny, the foliage sparse and tufted at the ends of the branchlets 



and the cones long retained in great numbers are unsightly. On parts of 



the Canterbury Plains in southern New Zealand it grows well and repro- 

 duces itself freely. 



In Western Australia the most valuable Pine is P. canariensis Smith 

 but although there are plenty of handsome trees from 60 to 75 feet to be 

 seen scattered about the older townships there have been no extensive 

 plantations of the tree yet made. It makes a stout tap-root and is in 

 consequence difficult to transplant. Cutting the tap-root of seedlings 

 when young may solve this difficulty but sowing in situ is the surest 



method where practicable. The tree is so valuable that nothing will be 

 left undone to surmount this problem. In and near Adelaide there are 



