220 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vol. iv 



Frutex latus, dense breviter ramosus, ad 1.5-2.5 m. altus; ramuli 

 annotini fulvi, vivide rubescentes vel purpureo-rubri, biennes purpurei, 

 glabri, valde angulato-sulcati, vetustiores nigrescentes vel cinerascentes; 

 internodia 0.5-1 cm. longa; spinae pleraeque simplices, rarius 3-fidae, 

 subtus haud vel vix sulcatae, 0.5-1.8 cm. longae, flavae, purpurascentes 

 vel cinerascentes. Folia ad 8-fasciculata, valde inaequalia, matura crasse 

 membranacea, ramulorum fertilium obovato-spathulata vel -oblonga, 

 apice obtusa vel rotundata, rarius breviter acuta, mucronulata, basi 

 satis subito vel sensim in petiolum 2-10 mm. longum contracta, 0.5-2 

 cm. petiolo excluso longa, 0.2-1.6 mm. lata, superne intense viridia, costa 

 tenuiter incisa, nervis lateralibus paullo vel vix visibilibus, subtus pallide 

 viridia vel albescentia, pruinosa et interdum sub microscopio papillosa 

 (margines cellularum epidermidis utriusque fac ei subaequimagnarum in 

 pagina superiori rectae vel leviter undulatae, in pagina inferiori fere semper 

 valde irregulariter undulatae); folia ramulos novellos fulcientia surculor- 

 umque aliis similia vel majora, ad 3.5 cm. petiolo excluso longa et ad 

 2 cm. lata, obovata vel elliptico-rhomboidea, petiolis 0.3-1 cm. longis. 

 Inflorescentiae 1-5-florae, fasciculatae vel umbellato-subracemosae et 

 breviter pedunculatae; pedicelli (5-)6-10 mm. longi, graciles, bracteis 

 triangulari-lanceolatis acuminatis 1.5-2 mm. longis suffulti; flores flavi, 

 extus rubescentes, 7-10 mm. diametientes; sepala externa prophylliformia 

 parva triangularia vel ovata, media oblonga obtusa internis late obovatis 

 vel ellipticis obtusis 5-6 mm. longis fere duplo minora; petala obovata vel 

 obovato-oblonga, apice truncato-rotundata, leviter emarginata vel crenu- 

 lata, basi paullo contracta, 6-G.5 mm. longa, glandulis 2 distinctis satis 

 brevibus ovoideis aurantiacis praedita; stamina petalis ]^ breviora, apice 

 obtusa vel fere leviter emarginata; ovarium satis crasse ellipticum, stigmate 

 lato sessili, ovulis (l-)2, rarissime 3 sessilibus instructum. Fructus el- 

 liptici, circiter 10 mm. longi et 5-6 mm. crassi, rarius majores ad 12-13 : 

 7-8 mm. magni, corallini vel vivide purpurei, tarde decidui; semina 1-2, 

 ellptico-oblonga, laevia, initio flavo-brunnea, deinde purpurescentia, 

 (7-)8 mm. longa. 



Berbcris Thunbergii is a common plant in the central and southern parts 

 of Japan, but apparently is not found in northern Hondo or in Hokkaido. 

 De Candolle based the species on the type of Thunberg's B. cretica. It 

 was introduced into cultivation by Maximowicz about 1865 Regel (in 

 Gartenfl. xxi. 238 [1872]) states that the type and f. Maximowiczii were 

 hardy at Petersburg. In Del. Sem. Hort. Petrop. it appears first in 1875, 

 p. 23. The Arnold Arboretum received it from St. Petersburg in 1875 

 (no. 82). It came to Kew from Booth in 1871 (MSS. Cat. 1884, p. 9), 

 and it was at Segrez in 1877. It is one of the best marked species by its 

 dense habit, the deeply furrowed branches, the small spatulate entire 

 leaves, the pale yellow flowers, and the shining red rather dry fruits that 

 remain long on the shrubs. The autumnal color of the leaves is splendid. 

 The following forms and varieties can be distinguished: 



