328 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Part 6 

 AQUATIC NEMATOCEROUS DIPTERA 



BY OSKAR AUGUSTUS JOHANNSEN 



In the following pages will be given an account of the life 

 histories of a number of small flies, commonly known as black 

 flies, (Simuliidae), mosquitos, (Gulicidae), and midges, (Blepharo- 

 ceridae and Chironomidae). The material on which this study 

 is based was for the most part collected in the vicinity of Ithaca 

 IS". Y., though some of it came from Saranac Inn N. Y, and else- 

 where. The larvae were collected by means of a small hand 

 net from the ponds ; or swept by means of a brush into a cloth 

 '' sag-net " from the surface of the rock on the bottom of the 

 shallow creeks in the manner described by Professor Needham 

 in United States National Museum bulletin 39, 1899, part O, page 

 5. The material thus collected was then transferred to the 

 breeding cages. These cages for the pond-water larvae consist 

 of small glass jars containing some water plants. For those 

 forms that require rapidly flowing water a jar was used from 

 which the water was drawn by means of a continuous siphon as 

 rapidly as it entered.^ 



The material was collected during the summer of 1901, and 

 studied during the fall of the same year in the entomological 

 laboratory of Cornell University, under the direction of Prof. J. 

 H.Comstock,to whom I wish to express my thanks for his advice 

 in the preparation of this work. I also desire to acknowledge 

 my obligation to Prof. J. G. Needhaiu, of Lake Forest Univer- 

 sity, who suggested the work, directed its course and supplied me 

 with material; to Professor Aldrich, of the University of Idaho, 

 Professor Smith, of New Jersey, Professor Kellogg, of Leland 

 Stanford Jr University and Messrs MacGillivray and Houghton 

 for material from various localities. 



The object of the paper is to give the distinctive generic and 

 specific characters of larvae and pupae of the forms studied, 



1 See Comstock. Insect Life, p.330. 



