or leg is that aspect which, when the wing or leg is in its 

 normal position, looks in the same direction as does the 

 aspect of the body which bears the same name. 



First, second, third, etc. — When the individuals of a 

 a series of parts forming a portion or the whole of the bod}' 

 are indicated by the terms first, second, third, etc., the 

 cephalic member of the series is the first. 



Example. — The first abdominal segment is the one nearest the 

 head. 



When the series forms a part or the whole of an append- 

 age of the body, the first member of that series is the proxi- 

 mal one. 



Example. — The first segment of a leg is the one which is articu- 

 lated to the body. 



The direction of an appendage does not modify the above 

 rule. 



Example. — The first segment of an antenna is the one which is 

 articulated with the head ; notwithstanding that when the antennae 

 are directed cephalad, as is usually the case, this segment is the one 

 nearest the caudal end of the body. 



Intermediate. — In order to avoid ambiguity the word 

 mesal and its derivatives are used only with reference to the 

 meso7i. The second member of a series of three similar 

 parts is designated as the intermediate. 



Limitations to accuracy. — As the body of an animal 

 presents but few plane surfaces or straight lines it is often 

 impossible to describe the position or direction of a part with 

 absolute accuracy. Practically, however, one will meet with 

 but few serious difficulties. Thus in describing the direction 

 of a curved or undulating line on the surface of the body it 

 will rarely be necessary to do more than to give the general 

 direction 'of that line ; the reader will understand that it 

 follows the sinuosities of the surface of the body. 



