LI^JTEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. XXIX 



of the same species in such widely separated localities, viz. winds, 

 birds, oceanic currents, and a former continuous land-connexion, 

 all of which present great diflBculties, B-eichardt gives, in the 

 ' Verhandl. der k. k. Gesellsch. der Wissen.' of Vienna for 1873, 

 a list of eleven plants collected on St. Paul's Island ; one of these 

 appears to be Spartma arundinacea, a plant also only known else- 

 where as a native of Tristan d'Acunha. Near the hot springs 

 on St. Paul's Island Lycopodium cernuum is found, an interesting 

 example of the occurrence of a tropical species under special con- 

 ditions beyond its normal range, a phenomenon of which other 

 instances also occur. 



Mr. A. W. Bennett suggested a fourth possible explanation of 

 the occurrence of the Phylica in two such remote localities, viz. 

 its accidental or intentional transport by human agency — an hypo- 

 thesis which he thought was strengthened by the similar occur- 

 rence of a second species, Spartina arundinacea, and by the fact 

 that of the eleven species recorded by Eeichardt as growing on 

 St. Paul's Island, he considered that nine had been introduced. 



2. "Additions to the Lichen-Flora of New Zealand." By 

 Dr. J. Stirton. Communicated by Dr. Hooker, Y.P.L.S. 



The lichens here described were collected by John Buchanan, 

 Esq., of the Colonial Museum, Wellington, N.Z., and include 

 a large number of species now described for the first time. The 

 lichen-flora of New Zealand is an unusually rich one ; but while 

 the phanerogamic flora of the islands diverges widely from that of 

 countries in a corresponding European latitude, their cryptogamic 

 flora shows closer affinities, and this is especially the case with 

 regard to the lichens. In the Angiocarpous section there is a 

 singular discrepancy in the colour of the spores of several species 

 from New Zealand from that of lichens which in other respects 

 must be identified with them from other parts of the world. 



3. " Enumeratio Muscorum Capitis Bonse Spei." By J. Shaw, 

 M.D., E.L.S. 



The general results arrived at in this paper are summed up 

 as follows : — 1. The great majority of the Cape mosses are of 

 northern-hemisphere types, a few being cosmopolites. 2. Some 

 Australian and New-Zealand forms are represented — a much 

 larger proportion than is the case with flowering plants. 3. 



