Iviii PEOCEEDINGS OP THE 



system of forest-conservancy in the land of the five rivers. His 

 position at Saharumpore gave him an excellent opportunity of 

 becoming acquainted with the vegetation of the Terai and North- 

 west Himalaya ; and afterwards at Bijnour he studied the' flora of 

 the EohUkund forests and of the outer valley between the Granges 

 and Sardah. As Conservator of Forests in the Punjab, his duties 

 took him to all parts of that province; and he extended his 

 journeys to the adjoining province of Sindh, to Kashmir, and to 

 the arid, treeless, but botanically most interesting inner Hima- 

 layan tracts on the Upper Indus, Chenab, and Sutlej rivers, which 

 adjoin Turkestan and Thibet. During his journeys, under the 

 most difiicult circumstances, he maintained with great persistence 

 his habit of taking copious notes on the spot ; and in this manner 

 he accumulated an immense store of valuable information regard- 

 ing the natural history, the properties, uses, and the vernacular 

 names of the plants of North-west India. The results of these 

 researches are embodied in numerous papers published in the 

 Journal of the Eoyal Greographical Society, the Asiatic Society of 

 Bengal, the Agri-Horticultural Society of India, and the Trans- 

 actions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. A most inter- 

 esting account of the vegetation of the extreme north-west corner 

 of the Punjab and the hills beyond it, which he studied during 

 the Yuzufzai campaign, is contained in his " Memoranda on the 

 Peshawur Valley, chiefly regarding its Flora " (Jouru. As. Soc. 

 18G3), and in his " Notes on the Flora of Wurzuristan " (Journ. 

 Eoy. Geo. Soc. 1863). In the ' Journal of the Agri-Horticultural 

 Society of India ' appeared " The Subsiunlik Tract, with special 

 reference to the Bijnour Forest and its Trees" (vol. xiii. 1865), 

 " Journal of a Botanising Tour in Hazara and Khajan " (vol. xiv. 

 1866), and "A Tour in the Punjab Salt Range " (vol. i. new ser. 

 1867). His last communication, " Notes of a Botanical Tour in 

 Ladak or "Western Thibet," appeared in the ' Transactions of the 

 Botanical Society of Edinburgh ' (vol. x. 1869). In addition to 

 these and other papers in diff'erent journals and reviews, his offi- 

 cial reports while at the head of the Forest Department in the 

 Punjab contain the record of a large amount of accurate observa- 

 tions on the arborescent vegetation of that province ; and in 1869, 

 before coming home on furlough, he published a most useful work 

 on the trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants of economical value 

 growing in the Punjab. This work, entitled ' Punjab Plants,' 

 contains systematic and vernacular names and notes on the geo- 



