20. PORZANA. 95 



p. 338 (18r.7) ; Dodei-l. Avif. Sicil. p. 200 (1869) ; Bettoni, Ucc. 

 nidif. Lomh. tav. 84 (1870); Frifsch, Voff. Bur. tab. 32. fig. 1 ; 

 id. J.f. O. 1871, p. 381 (Bohemia); Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 224 

 (S. Spain); Guriuy, t. c. p. 299 (La^fhouat); Shelley, B. Egypt, 

 p. 274 (1872) ; Hume Sf Renders. Lahore to Yark. p. 293 (1873) ; 

 Hume, Sir. F. i. p. 251 (1873: Roree) ; Irby, B. Gibr. p. 143 

 (1875) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1876, p. 413 ; Blanf. East. Persia, ii. p. 288 

 (1876: Shiraz); Sculhi, Str. F. iv. p. 193 (1876: E. Turkestan); 

 Fairb. t. c. p. 263 (Ahniednufirgar) ; Butler, Str. F. v. p. 215 

 (1877 : Deosa) ; id. t. c. p. 233 (Guzerat) ; Dreiser, B. Eur. vii. 

 p. 267, pi. 496 (1878); Davids. ^- Wenden, Str. F. vii. p. 90 

 (1878 : Deccaii) ; Butler, t. c. p. 187 (Sind) ; Hume, t. c. p. 487 

 (Calcutta) ; Builer, Cat. B. Sind etc. p. 66 (1879) ; Hume, Str. F. 

 viii. p. 11.3 (1879); id. S^ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 213, 

 pi. 3/ (1879) ; Ridyw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mtis. iii. pp. 20, 222 

 (1880); Butler, Cat. B. S. Bomb. Pres. p. 80 (1880: Belgaum) ; 

 G.Iteid,Str.F.x.\^.7^{im\: Lucknow) ; Bidduljih, Ibis, 1881, 

 p. 98 (Gilgit) ; Scully, t. c. p. 590 ; Davidsoti, Str. F. x. p. 322 

 (1889: W. Khandoish); Coues, Check-l. N. Amer. B. p. 109 

 (1882); Shelleij, Ibis, 1882, p. 306 (Selenia Pan); Saunders, ed. 

 Yarr. Brit. B. iii. p. 143 (1884); B. O. U. List Br. B. p. 147 

 (1883); Ziemer, J.f. O. 1884, p. 184; Chapm. Ibis, 1884, p. 92 

 (Andalucia) ; Saunders, t. c. p. 388 (Pyrenees) ; Baird, Breiver, 

 4- Iiid(/w. Water-B. N. Amer. ii. p. 368 (1884) ; Tristr. Faun. >Sr 

 Flor. Pale.st.Y>. 125 (1884); Bor/d. Consp. Av. Imp. Boss. Tp. 52 

 (1884) ; Bilchner, J. f. 0. 1885", p. 207 (S. Petersburg) ; Booth, 

 Rouyh Notes, vol. ii. (1887) ; Olphe-Gall. Cotifr. Faun. Orn. 

 Eur. Occid. fasc. xvi. p. 17 (1887) ; Chapm. Ibis, 1884, p. 92 

 (Andalucia) ; fMiiteh. Ibis, 1885, p. 44 (Corsica) ; Savile Reid, Ibis, 

 1887, p. 252 (Marocco); Tait, t. c. p. 382 (Portugal); Sculli/, 

 J. A. S. Beng. Ivi. p. 58 (1887) ; Pleske, Mem. Acad. Petersb. (7) 

 xxxvi. p. 48 (1888: Tschinas); Meade-Waldo, Ibis, 1890, p. 430 

 (Canaries); 7>;-e«»w, /i('s, 1891, p. 369 (Erzeroum) ; Sharpe, Set. 

 Res. 2nd Yark. Miss., Aves, p. 147 (1891). 



Spotted Crake, Yarr. Brit. B. iii. p. 11 (1843). 



Gallinula leucothorax, Brehn, I'oyelf. p. 329 (1856). 



Gallinula gracilis, Brehm, Voyelf. p. 329 (1856). 



Porzana porzana, Sharpe, ed. Lai/ard's B. S. Afr. p. 613 (1884) ; id. 

 Ibis, 1886, p. 489 (Fao) ; A. O. U. Check-l. N. Amer. B. p. 141 

 (1886) ; Ridyw. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 139 (1887) ; Ckamberl. Auk, 

 vi. p. 217 (1889: Fredericksbaab). 



Porzana fulicula, Salvad. Eletich. Ucc. Ital. p. 234 (1887). 



Adult male in ivinter plumnrie. General colour above olive- 

 brown, mottled with white and black markings, the white being 

 distributed in the form of lateral spots on the dorsal feathers, and 

 on the scapulars and wing-coverts in the form of arrowhead spots 

 or bars, which arc margined with l)lack ; all the feathers of the 

 upper surface with more or less concealed black centres ; wing- 

 coverts rather ligliter brown than the back, the white spots some- 

 what less plentifully distributed, excepting on tlie greater series and 

 innermost .secondaries, where the white bars with their accompany- 

 ing black lines are very distinct and somewhat zigzag in character 

 on the latter ; bastard-wing, primary -coverts, and quills sepia- 

 brown, externally whitish brown, with a white edging to the first 



