132 



brown, with darker brown centres to the feathers of the back ; 

 lower back, rnmp, and upper tail-coverts darker brown, with olive- 

 brown edges ; wing-coverts uniform olive-brown, with lighter brown 

 margins, the greater coverts more sandy brown on their edges ; 

 bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills dark brown, externally 

 washed with lighter brown, the bastard-wing feathers externally 

 whity brown, the first primary white along the outer web ; inner 

 secondaries dark brown, edged with sandy brown ; tail-feathers 

 brown, blackish in the centres ; crown of head dark ashy grey, 

 blackish on the forehead, the nape and hind neck more olive-brown 

 with dusky-brown centres to the feathers, the whole overshaded 

 with grey, which overspreads the mantle also ; lores and a spot at 

 the base of the checks black, with a white supraloral streak ; ear- 

 coverts, cheeks, and sides of neck dark ashy grey, traversed by a 

 band of white from the anterior portion of the checks, passing 

 below the eye to above the ear-coverts ; throat and abdomen pure 

 white ; the lower throat, fore neck, breast, and sides of body ashy 

 grey, becoming browner on the flanks ; thighs white ; under tail- 

 coverts and sides of vent clear sandy buff; under wing-coverts and 

 axillaries ashy, with faint hoary tips to the feathers ; quills ashy 

 below : " upper mandible reddish brown, the cutting-edges of both 

 mandibles tile-red ; legs and feet oil-green, blotched with light ash- 

 colour " {J. Gould). Total length T'O inches, culmen OO, wing 3-9, 

 tail rSo, tarsus 1-5, middle toe and claw 2-1. 



Adult female. Does not differ from the male in colour. Total 

 length 6-8 inches, culmen 0-85, wing 3*75, tail 1-6, tarsus 1-4, 

 middle toe and claw ISo. 



Adult specimens from the Philippines appear to have more grey 

 on the fore neck and breast than individuals from other localities ; in 

 these the under surface is often entirely white, with only a little 

 grey across the lower throat. 



Young. Browner than the adults, and having the head brown, 

 without any ashy grey on the crown or hind neck ; the white facial 

 stripe and the supraloral stripe only faintly indicated, and tinged 

 with brown ; sides of face, fore neck, and sides of body brown ; the 

 throat, breast, and abdomen pure wliite ; lower flanks and under 

 tail-coverts tawny buff. 



Bah. Malayan Peninsiila to the Philipjunes, and throughout the 

 Malayan Islands to Australia and the majority of the Pacific 

 Islands. 



a-d. Ad. et imm. Penang (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 



sk. 

 e,f. g. Ad. et imm. Malacca {Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 



sk. 

 /(. <S ad. sk. Singapore, Dec. 11 {A. Ber- Hume Coll. 



nard). 

 i. S ad. sk. Singapore Island, Sept. 19 Hume Coll. 



( W. Daviso7i). 

 k. Ad. St. Java. E. Wilson, Esq. [P.]. 



/. Ad. ; m. Imm. Java {Horsfield). India Museum. 



sk. (Types of P. quudridrigata.) 



