184 EALLID^. 



Butler, Cat. B. Smd etc. p. 66 (1879) ; Kelham, Ibis, 1882, p. 186 



(Perak) ; Parker, B)is, 1{;83, p. 194 ; Blakist. Amended List B. 



Japan, pp. 24, 42 (1884) ; Seeb. Ibis, 1884, p. 178 (Nagasaki), p. 268 



(Kiiikiang) ; Oates, ed. I£u7ne's iVes^s 4' -Effff^ -^"f^- ^- iii- P- 287 



(1890). 

 Crex lugubris, Reichenb. Handb., Fulic. Novit. pi. lix. figs. 2572-73 



(1851), teste Salvad. 

 Hypnodes cristatus, Beichenb. St/st. Xat. p. xxi (1852). 

 Gallicrex ciuerea, Wald. Ibis, 1873, p. 317 (Andamans) ; Hume, 



Nests ^ Eggs Ind. B. p. 596 (1873) ; id. Str. F. ii. p. 300 (1874) ; 



Cripps, t. c. p, 531 ; Hume, Str. F. iii. p. 187 (1875) ; Swinh. Ibis, 



1875, p. 134 (Chefoo) ; Walden, Tr. Z. S. ix. p. 229 (1875) ; 



Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 471 (Tonghoo : breeding) ; 



David Sf Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 484 (1877) ; Hume ^ Davison, Str. 



F. vi. p. 466 (1878 : Tenasserim) ; Ball, Str. F. vii. p. 229 (1878) ; 



Cripps, t. c. p. 305 (Faridpur) ; Hume, t. c. p. 489 (Calcutta) ; 



Legne, B. Ceylon, p. 791 (1879) ; Hume, Str. F. riii. pp. 70, 113 



(1879) ; Doir/, t. c. p. 371 (E. Narra : breeding) ; Htime, Str. F. ix. 



p. 121 (1880: ivlang); Barnes, Str. F. x. p. 167 (1881); Oates, 



Handb. B. Brit. Burnt, ii. p. 349 (1883) ; 3Iurray, Vertebr. Faun. 



Sind, p. 26 (1884: Aaral; Sehwan) ; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 



1886, p. 160 (Manila) ; Stejn. Proc. U.S. Nat. Miis. ix. p. 405 



(188(3) ; Everett, Journ. ,Straits Br. Asiat. Soc. 1889, p. 203 ; Seeb. 



B. Jajxin. Fmp. p. 360 (1890 : Nagasaki) ; Steere, List B. &i Mamm. 



E.vped. Pliilipp. p. 25 (1890 : Marindiique). 

 Hypnodes cinereiis, Heine •$' Reichen. Nomencl. Mus. Hein. p. 31 7 



(1890). 



Adult male. General colour above black, -with a few remains of 

 ashy-grey margins to the feathers, or with brown edgings to the 

 scapulars, lower back, and rump ; upper wing-coverts blackish, 

 broadly edged with ashy grey ; the feathers round the bend of the 

 wing white ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills blackish 

 brown, slightly shaded with grey externally, the first primary 

 externally white ; the inner secondaries edged with light brown ; 

 tail-feathers blackish, edged with brown ; head and neck all round 

 and under surface of body deep black, including the under tail- 

 coverts ; a few whitish feathers on the lower abdomen ; the under 

 tail-coverts buffy white, with black bars ; under wing-coverts 

 black, barred and edged with white ; axillaries black like the sides 

 of the breast : " frontal shield and base of upper mandible deep red ; 

 remainder of bill yellow, a spot on each side of the lower mandible 

 red ; frontal ])rocess or horn pinkish ; legs plumbeous green ; claws 

 horn-colour ; i:is reddish brown ; eyelids plumbeous " (E.W. Oates). 

 Total length 16-5 inches, culmen with frontal shield 2-7, wing 8-6, 

 tail 2-9, tarsus 3-1. 



According to Mr. Oates, the male in winter has the fleshy process 

 on the head reduced in size or nearly obsolete. 



Adult female. General colour above dark brown with a slight 

 ashy shade, the feathers with sandy-buff margins, so that the 

 upper surface appears streaked ; the lower back and rump rather 

 more uniform ; wing-coverts ashy grey, the greater series browner, 

 with fulvous margins like the inner secondaries, which have 

 dusky frecklings also on the outer web ; bastard-wing ashy brown, 



