216 EALLID^. 



J. f. O. 1885, p. 117 ; Gic/l. Avif. Ital. p. 359 (1886') ; Salvad. 



Elench. Ucc. Ital. p. 239 (1886) ; Reichen. J. f. O. 1887, p. 48 



(Kaf^elii) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Genov. (2) iv. p. 313 (1888) ; 



Kdniff,J. f. O. 1888, p. 276; Giffl. Avif. Ital. 1st Eesoc. p. 554 



(1889) ; Sottza, Jorn. Lisb. (2) ii. p. 118 (1889 : Katumbella). 

 Fulica mitrata, Licht. Verz. Vog. Kaffernl.-p. 19 (1842) ; id. Nomencl. 



Av. p. 97 (1854) ; Brehm, Vorjelf. p. 323 (1855). 

 Lupha cristata, Eeichenh. Syst. Nat. p. 22 (1852) ; Loche, Expl. Sci, 



Ak/er., Ois. ii. p. 349 (1867) ; Ridgic. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. iv. 



p. 3.31 (1882). 

 Fulica atra, pt. (nee L.), Cara, Orn. Sard. p. 163 (1842). 

 Lophoplialaris cristata, Heine in Heine ^' Reichen. Nomencl. p. 317 



(1890). 



Advlt. Similar to F. atra, and having black under tail-coverts like 

 that species, but differing in the entire absence of the white tips to 

 the inner secondaries, and bj' the knob-like excrescences which are 

 found at the top of the frontal shield : " bill whitish, tinged with 

 bhiish above, and the base clear red ; the frontal caruncles dark 

 red ; feet greenish brown ; iris blackish " (LocJie). Total length 

 16 inches, culmen from base of shield 1-4, wing 8*6, tail 2"3, 

 tarsus 2-7, middle toe and claw 4'2. 



According to Salvadori the females are a little smaller than the 

 males, and Loche says that the frontal caruncles are a little less 

 developed. 



Young. Ashy brown above, feathers of the head and neck having 

 hoary white edges ; lores, cheek, and entire throat white ; inclining 

 to hoary grey on the chest and fore neck ; rest of the under surface 

 ashy, with hoary edges to the feathers : " bill dusky ashy, whitish 

 at tip ; tarsi and feet ash-colour ; iris light ashy brown " (T. Ayres). 



Hah. Africa generally, extending into Northern Africa and 

 South-western Europe. 



a. Ad. sk. Mogador. Howard Saunders, 



Esq. [P.]. 



b. 2 ad. sk. Lake Ashanghi, Abvssinia W. T. Blanford, 



(8000 feet), May 1. "^ Esq. [C.]. 



c. S ad. ; d, e. 2 Angollallah, Shoa, May to India Museum. 

 ad. sk. July {Sir W. Harris). 



f. S ad. sk. Ondonga, Ovampo Land, Shelley Coll. 



Dec. 11 (C. J. Andersson). 



g. Ad. sk. Natal. Tweeddale Coll. 

 h, i. S $ ad. sk. Durban, Natal {Gordge). Shelley CoU. 



k. tS juv. sk. Rhinoster River, May 2 (7'. Gurney Coll. 



Ayres). 

 I. Ad. sk. Transvaal {T. Gates). W. E. & C. G. Gates, 



Esqrs. [P.]. 

 m. Ad. sk. Potchefstroom. F. A. Barratt, Esq. 



[P.]. 

 n. Ad. sk. Cape Colony. Dr. Krauss [C,]. 



o. Ad. sk. Cape Colony, Dec. 7. Gould Coll. 



p, q. Ad. st. Cape Colony. J. Gould, Esq. 



r. Ad. sk. South Africa. Gould Coll. 



s. Imm. sk. Madagascar ( W. Deans Tweeddale Coll 



Cowan). 



